Complete the table below to compare and contrast transcripti

Complete the table below to compare and contrast transcription and translation.

Transcription

Translation

Takes place in what part of cell:

Polymer to be made:

Monomers needed:

Direction of action:

Enzyme needed:

Needed to begin or initiate:

Needed to end or terminate

List at least two other essential molecules you can think of:

Solution

Transcription

Translation

Takes place in what part of cell:

  Transcription happens exclusively in the nucleus of the cell

Translation happens with the Ribosomes, that are located in the cytoplasm of the cell

Polymer to be made:

mRNA

Polypeptides

Monomers needed:

Ribonucleotides

Amino Acids

Direction of action:

3\' to 5\'

5\' to 3\'

Enzyme needed:

RNA polymerase,

Ribosomes

Needed to begin or initiate:

binding of RNA polymerase to double-stranded DNA

The small subunit of the ribosome binds at the 5\' end of the mRNA molecule and moves in a 3\' direction until it meets a start codon (AUG). It then forms a complex with the large unit of the ribosome complex and an initiation tRNA molecule.

Needed to end or terminate

the recognition of the transcription termination sequence and the release of RNA polymerase

Translation in terminated when the ribosomal complex reached one or more stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA)

List at least two other essential molecules you can think of:

Nucleotides (A,U,C,G)

DNA

tRNA :- transfer RNA

rRNA:- ribosomal RNA