When can a person be called Prediabetic Where does insulin b

When can a person be called Prediabetic? Where does insulin bind to the insulin receptor? What does this do? What is insulin resistance? What are the tests used to identify the prediabetes and diabetes? When a person can be called hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic? Alisha and Alice are monozygotic twins. One of the parents was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in mid - 40s. Among the twins, Alisha is healthy while Alice developed type 2 diabetes. Although they are identical twins, only one was affected. What do you think could be the reason behind this? Is there a genetic predisposition between type 2 and gestational diabetes (a mother acquiring diabetes during pregnancy is gestational diabetes)? Blood glucose levels are related to the food that we consume. Explain this statement.

Solution

The person is called as prediabetic , when the blood sugar levels are high, but the patient cannot have the symptoms of diabetes.they have increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiac disorders and stroke. Insulin bind to the alpha chain of the insulin ectodomain leads to structural changes within the receptor leads to autophosphorilation of tyrosine kinase for the blood glucose homeostasis. Resistance to hormone insulin leads to increased blood glucose that further linked to development of type 2 diabetes. Fasting blood sugar level 100 to 125 mg/dl is diagnosed as prediabetic. Grater than 126 mg/dl is diagnosed as diabetes.also glucose tolerance test also used. Hyperglycaemia, the blood sugar levels are high, symptoms includes headache, blurred vision, dry mouth and frequent urination.hypoglycemia is low blood sugar state, symptoms are sweating, pallor, irritability, hunger etc. Diabetes is influenced by both environmental and genetics factors, if both parents are diabetic the children has 50% of chances to get diseases. If one parent is diabetic the child also has propability of getting diagnosis. It seen in monozygotic twins also, may one child get affected. The type 2 diabetes has ossociation with gestational diabetes is genomic association. Large amounts of consumption of carbohydrate diet increase the blood sugar levels. Fatty diet increase the blood sugar also to very high.on decrease intake of carbohydrates and fats leads to decrease in blood sugar levels.