The telecommunication switching technologies have been evolv

The telecommunication switching technologies have been evolved from the manual switching to automatic switching and optical switching using either Space or Time Division switching in particular to support broadband and telecommunication networks. Discuss some important features such as switching speed and capacity, and provide an example of switching products of those switching technologies. Distinguish between the PBX/PABX, Centrex and soft switch.

Solution

Optical switching using Space division multiplexing has the following advantages:

1) The switching speed can go upto 1Terrabits/sec once the connection is made.

2)One can transmit the differently polarised signals(eg: one is elliptically polarised and the other is vertically polarised) througha single fiber.

3)Two different signals can use the same frequency.

4)Interference between the users can be reduced.

The products using SDM are:5th Generation products come under psce division multiplexing.Switching products are smart antennas paced at a distance of one wavelength.

Difference between PABX,Centrex and soft switch are:

1) A soft switch, or software that connects phone lines with one another, is at the core of all modern PBXs. Asterisk is not a PBX but it can be configured to function as one. Also most of the functions provided by an PBX can also typically be performed by a class 5 soft switch.Soft switch mediates the signalling between the packets and circuit switch networks

2)Now what if you wanted to pick up your phone in your kitchen and dial a number which rings a phone in your bedroom? One option is to order two phone lines from your phone company, install one in your kitchen and the other in your bedroom, and use their exchange to connect them just like when calling your neighbor. Another option is to install your own exchange, a private branch exchange (PBX), that would allow you to pick up the phone in the kitchen and dial an extension which will ring and connect to the phone in the bedroom without using the phone companies exchange

3)Centrex (central office exchange service) is a service from local telephone companies in the United States in which up-to-date phone facilities at the phone company\'s central (local) office are offered to business users so that they don\'t need to purchase their own facilities. The Centrex service effectively partitions part of its own centralized capabilities among its business customers. The customer is spared the expense of having to keep up with fast-moving technology changes (for example, having to continually update their private branch exchange infrastructure) and the phone company has a new set of services to sell.