What does it mean to be random and why is it important with

What does it mean to be random and why is it important with regards to distribution?
What are the guidelines for describing the relationship between two quantitative variables?
What is the difference between causation, common response and confoundung when explaining an association, focus on the criteria for establishing causation and the necessary inclusion of each?
Explain the purpose of appropriate data collection and study design, What are the ramifications of not collecting data in a study appropriately?

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