Please help Both answers must be in long paragraph form 1 Ex

Please help! Both answers must be in long paragraph form

1. Explain in detail Where did the chloroplast organelle come from, what is it\'s \"origin story\", what evidence supports this idea originally developed by Lynn Margulis?

2. Explain in detail What is the importance of chloroplasts to living things other than plants? What are products they make, and how did one of the waste products generated change the history of the planet earth?

Solution

Ans 1: Chloroplast Origin: The credit for discovery of this organelle goes to Julius Von Sachs. In Year 1837, German botanist Hugo von Mohl provided the first definitive description of the chloroplast, which is descrite bodies within the green plant cell. Later, The name was changed to plastid by A.F. W Schimper in 1883. By the end of 19th century chloroplast name was accepted in scientfic community worldwide to the cell- organelle which is green color found in plant tisuue. One major discovery was also found by schimper that chloroplast are capable of division. He suggest that origin of green pant was possibly by symbiotic relationship between chlorophyll containing and colorless organism. Another important observation was made by A. meyer in 1883 that chloroplast contain grana. Chloroplast are only found in green plant,algae etc. Green Color present in plant is only due to chloroplast.

Lynn Margulis was a evolutionist, she suggest that photosynthesis process which occur in plant due to symbiosis relationship between plant cell and bacteria,which reside permanently there, by which chloroplast capture sunlight energy undergoes biochemical reaction including combination of water and carbon di oxide to make organic matter. Margulis symbisis thought of evolution of eukaryotic cell was published in \" The Origin of Eukaryotic Cells.\"

Ans 2 : Importance of chloroplast is in the process of photosynthesis take place in algae, which is also eukayotes. Many are unicellular, but sometimes they can live in large colonies that may even look like plants.

Cynobacteria are prokaryotes contain double outer membrane and thylakoid membrane system for the process of photosyntheis. Cyanobacteria also use the Calvin cycle to fix carbon dioxide in the same way as plants and algae. Both of the above organism perform oxygenic photosynthesis. similar way green sulphur, green non sulphur and heliobacteria use choloroplast for the process of photosynthesis.

Two and a half billion years ago, single-celled organisms called cyanobacteria harnessed sunlight to split water molecules, producing energy to power their cells and releasing oxygen into an atmosphere that had previously had none. These early environmental engineers are responsible for the life we see around us today. Oxygen which is one of the waste product generated during photosynthesis change the history of the planet earth and all the higher level living organism are able to live their life easily.