CASE STUDY SCENARIO SJ is a 64yearold South East Asian male

CASE STUDY SCENARIO

SJ is a 64-year-old, South East Asian male from the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) in Ontario, who comes to the Emergency Department with his wife of 22 years. SJ and his wife are South East Asians and live in GTA, Ontario. SJ has been complaining of nausea and vomiting over the last 2—3 days, and his wife states he seems confused at times. His blood sugar on arrival to the department read 19.6 mmol/L. The client has already been started on regular insulin (Humulin R) via SQ route, and he will be admitted for further investigation and diagnostic purpose.

This is a new diagnosis of diabetes for SJ, and he is very anxious. SJ is 5 feet 7 inches tall and weighs 171 pounds. He reports no form of regular exercise or special diet. SJ’s diet entails carbohydrate dense foods and high glycemic index beverages. For the past 4 months or more, his wife has noticed that her husband has been very thirsty, and goes to the bathroom every 30 minutes.

PART 1: Questions

1.            Describe the following serum glucose tests used to help diagnose diabetes mellitus: fasting, postprandial, and oral glucose tolerance test.

2.            Explain what a hemoglobin A1c lab test tells the health care team.

3.            Taking SJ’s cultural background into consideration, explain what could have possibly contributed to SJ’s diagnosis? Which type of diabetes does SJ have? List all the criteria from the case study that would support his diagnosis.

4. please include references in APA styles.

Solution

1. Fasting blood sugar - It is a measure of blood sugar levels after an overnight fast of about 8-12 hrs.

Postprandial blood sugar - It is a measure of blood sugar levels 2 hours after having a meal. The food intake can comprise of having a fixed amount of glucose as prescribed.

Glucose tolerance test (GTT)- It is a measure of blood glucose levels at an interval of 30mins after taking in a standard quantity of glucose in liquid form.