A company proposes to profit from pumping water out of a riv

A company proposes to profit from pumping water out of a river and into a reservoir that is at an elevation above the river, and then releasing the water back to the river in a way that it passes through a turbine, generating electricity. Both pipelines have the same length, diameter and fittings, and are shown, schematically, below. The water levels in both the river and the reservoir are constant, and the river water surface is several hundred feet lower in elevation than the reservoir water surface. There are a couple of ways that this system could actually profit - discuss these including any caveats that must exist for a profit to occur.

Solution

1. Usage of the draft tube at the turbine.

When the water flows from reserviour to turbine the entire water power is not transmitted. Some part of the water doesnt conatct with the turbine baldes. That water is accumaleated in the turbine housing and when a draft tube is included it sends the wasted water aagain into reserviour by maling neagative head and thus the head increases and efficiency of water power also.

2. Usage of good qaulity pipes that would overcome the surface friction against the flow of water (h_f should be less mimimum).

3. Governing of the Turbines should be done.

3.