For each mammalian organ system list the organs and their fu

For each mammalian organ system, list the organs and their function. Respiratory Circulatory: Digestive: Immune:

1....Main Parts of the Respiratory System and their Functions:

1. The nostrils: They bring air into the nose, where air is warmed and humidified. The tiny hairs referred to as cilia filters out dirt and other debris in the air and protects the nasal passage and different regions of the respiration tract.

2.Trachea: The trachea is also referred to as windpipe. The trachea filters the air we inhale.

3.Bronchi: The bronchi are the two air tubes that branch off of from the trachea and deliver atmospheric air at once into the lungs.

4.Lungs: The major organ of the respiratory machine is lungs, oxygen is taken into and carbon dioxide is expelled out. The red blood cells un the blood picks up the oxygen inside the lungs and deliver and distribute the oxygen to all body cells.

5.Alveolus: gaseous exchange takes place.

6.Diaphragm: Breathing starts off evolved . When we breathe in the diaphragm contracts and flatten out and pull downward. Due to this motion the space within the lungs will increase and pulls air into the lungs. When we breathe out, the diaphragm expands and decreases the amount of space for the lungs and forces air out.

2...Digestive organs and their functions:

Mouth

Mixes food with salivary secretion; taste, chewing

Salivary glands

Lubricate food; produce buffers and enzymes that begin digestion

Pharynx

Passageway shared with respiratory system, leads to esophagus

Esophagus

Delivers food to stomach

Stomach

Secretes acids and digestive enzymes that break down proteins

Small intestine

Secretes enzymes and other factors for nutrient digestion; absorbs nutrients

Liver

Secretesbile (required for lipid digestion); synthesizes blood proteins; stores lipid and carbohydrate reserves

Gallbladder

Stores biles for release into small intestine

Pancreas

Secretes digestive enzymes and buffers into small intestine; produces hormones

Large intestine

Removes water from nondigested material; stores wastes

3....Excretory system and their functions:

Kidney

organs in the excretory system where waste is filtered out of the blood

ureter

tubes that connect the nephron to the bladder

urethra

tube through which urine exits the body

bladder

where urine is stored until you \"go to the bathroom\"

nephron

small capsule in the kidneys where excess water, salts, and urea are removed from the bloodstream and other materials are put back into the blood

4....Reproductive organs:

Male reproductive organs:

testis

produces sperm

epididymis

stores sperm

vas deferens

transports sperm to urethra

urethra

receives seminal secretions from testes and accessory glands; also drains excretory products from urinary bladder

seminal vesicles

secrete alkaline fluids that aid in neutralizing acidity and contain nutrients to promote sperm motility and viability and hormones to stimulate uterine contractions

bulbourethral glands

secretes alkaline fluid to neutralize acidity of the ... and provide lubrication

preputial gland

secretes alkaline fluid to neutralize acidity of the va and provide lubrication

Female reproductive organs:

ovary

produces eggs

oviduct

receives egg at ovulation; site of fertilization

uterine horns

site of implantation and embryonic development

urethra

drains excretory products from urinary bladder (no reproductive functions in females)

urogenital sinus

common chamber formed by junction of the urethra and the ... that drains urine from the body and serves as part of the reproductive canal during copulation and birth

genital papilla

develop into the ...in humans and other mammals

5...circulatory system:

right & left atria

receive blood, right oxygenated left deoxygenated

right & left ventricle

pumps blood, right oxygenated left deoxygenated

aorta

largest artery, carries oxygen rich blood to head and body

ductus arteriosus

carries blood into aorta

pulmonary trunk

carries oxygen poor blood, picks up oxygen in lungs, carries into right and left pulmonary veins, into the left atrium

coronary artery

feeds oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself

renal artery

takes oxygenated blood to kidney

umbilical artery

connects mother to fetus, passing oxygen and nutrients

lungs

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

pericardium

protects heart from rubbing against other parts, reduce friction

superior vena cava

carries deoxygenated blood from head to heart

inferior vena cava

carries deoxygenated blood from body into heart

6... Immune system:

Tonsils and Adenoids

Both help protect from infection by trapping germs coming in through your mouth and nose and destroy germs in your throat.

Lymph Nodes

This gland works in conjunction with the spleen; acts as a filter for the lymph, a place where white blood cells fight infection.

Lymphatic Vessels

A system of vessels that carries lymph through the body into the nodes; different from blood vessels; lymph drains tissues and contains white blood cells that fight against germs.

Thymus

Produces white blood cells that destroy germs. (T-cells)

Spleen

Works in conjunction with the lymph nodes; recycles red blood cells; a place where white blood cells fight infection

Skin

The first line of defense; if not unbroken cannot be pierced by most microbes.

Appendix

A safe house for beneficial bacteria, protects rather than harms, good bacteria needed for digestion.

Bone Marrow

Develops stem cells that mature into white blood cells (B-Cells) that fights infection and destroys germs.