Problems and Essay Questions Provide the answers to any thre

Problems and Essay Questions: Provide the answers to any three of the following questions. (Each question is worth 8 pts.) 39. Imagine if NASA found new microbe present on Mars and requests that you determine the genetic code ofthis organism. In order to accomplish this you isolate an extract from this new microbe that contains all the components necessary for protein synthesis except mRNA. Synthetic mRNAs are added to this extract and the resulting poly are analyzed. The results of this experiment are summarized below: Resulting Polypeptides Synthetic mRNA Lysine-Lysine-Lysine etc. etc. etc. CACACACACACACACA. AACA ACAACAACAACA Glutamine-Glutamine-Glutamine etc. ACA ACA ACAA CAACAA Asparagine-Asparagine-Asparagine etc. CA ACAACAACAA CAAC Note: Sequences 3,4 composed of the same bases in the same repeating pattern, but a and 5 are different polypeptide is specified for each of these sequences. a) From these data, what specifics can you conclude about the microbe\'s genetic code? h of these sequences provides specific information about this organisms genetic code. As part of your answer be sure you indicate what information could be deduced from the trail of each synthetic mRNA)

Solution

a. From translation of the first synthetic mRNA, you are able to conclude that the amino acid lysine is specified by a small grouping of A residues. By examining the outcome utilising the second and third manufactured mRNAs, you are able to conclude that a triplet codon is required, rather than a mono, bi, or quadruplet, etc. codon. Specifically, utilising the second mRNA, an switching threonine-histidine peptide is derived. This might effect if an odd number of bases specified an amino p, however not if an even number of bases specified the code. The third mRNA could be translated in three various structures leading to three various polypeptides composed of a single type of amino acid. Using this, you are able to conclude that a triplet codon is required. Therefore, AAA must specify lysine, ACA must specify threonine, and CAC must establish histidine.

b. The anticodon loop of a tRNA specifying threonine have the series of codon UGU.

c. Because this microbe contains four bases and a triplet codon genetic code, you can conclude that the genetic code of that organism is degenerate in that more than one codon probably identifies exactly the same amino acid.