when hydrogen and oxygen atoms form bonds making the water m

when hydrogen and oxygen atoms form bonds making the water molecule,which atom in the molecule has a greater ability to attract electrons ( within that molecule)? Explain based on chemical concepts. Note: this question is not asking about atoms in a water molecule attacking electrons from other molecule.

Solution

Ccs-Vzla 01/05/2016

TIPS:

Between water molecules connection establishment hydrogen bonding due to the formation of electrostatic dipoles placed originating to a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms, in this case oxygen. Oxygen, being more electronegative than hydrogen, more attracted towards it, shared in covalent bonds with hydrogen, negatively charging, while the hydrogen atoms are positively charged, thus establishing electric dipoles electrons. The hydrogen bridge bonds are linked by Van der Waals force of great magnitude, but are about 20 times weaker than covalent bonds.

Hydrogen bonding force: is eminently attractive electrostatic force between an electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to another electronegative atom. Results from the formation of a charge-dipole force with a hydrogen atom bonded to a nitrogen atom, oxygen or fluorine.

The electronegativity: of a given atom is affected mainly by two magnitudes: atomic mass and the average distance of the valence electrons relative to the atomic nucleus. This property has been correlated with other atomic and molecular properties.

A covalent bond between two atoms occurs when these atoms are attached, to achieve the stable octet last nivel1 sharing electrons (except hydrogen reaching stability when it has two electrons). The electronegativity difference between atoms is not large enough for a type ion binding occurs. To generate a covalent linkage is necessary that the electronegativity difference between atoms is less than 1.7.

The element that has a greater ability to attract electrons in a molecule of water is oxygen being more electronegative than hydrogen.

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