Why might eukaryotes multiple strategies in order to regulat

Why might eukaryotes multiple strategies in order to regulate gene expression? What are the costs? What are the benefits? What are the potential consequences of gene expression run amok (out of control)? Provide evidence to support your answer.

Solution

The regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic cell:

Eukaryotes possess multiple strategies in order to regulate gene expression because eukaryotic genome is complex but only 1.5% of genome is only undergoes gene expression for the protein synthesis & the rest is transposable elements. Eukaryotes often possess complex euchromatin & heterochromatic organization with histone protein coiled around DNA so that a variety of enzymes may modify structure finally causes either gene expression by deacetylation or demethylation. Sometimes, high-uninterrupted gene expression may lead to due to methylation or epigenetic changes so that there are multiple level are there to exhibit gene regulation.
The cost of these multiple strategies are that many genes and many different types of cells of multi-cellular organisms commonly share same type of transcription factors with no structural differences during gene regulation. This type of gene regulation strategy is leading to uncontrolled mRNA expression so that many truncated proteins nun-functional or functional proteins may be generated finally causes abnormal phenotype (the potential consequences of gene expression). Some time controlled multiple strategies of gene regulation is beneficial because it is possible to avoid abnormal gene expression

A lot of catastrophic events and consequences may occur with gene expression run amok (out of control) i.e. loss of heterozygosity (LOH) which may reduce and limit longevity of spcies & epigenetic changes may occur result in abnormal phenotype & lack of phenotypic organs

1) The following are the three important areas of sites of transcription regulation. Restricted access of polymerase to the gene: This is the regulation of transcription initiation, which is the most common target of regulatory mechanisms. This also includes the altering functions of histone remodeling enzymes, transcription factors, repressor proteins, enhancer proteins, etc.

2). Elongation of the RNA transcript: After the binding of polymerase to promoter region, it needs a set of factors to escape from the promoter and success transcription.

3). Termination of polymerase activity: The fate of RNA transcript is regulated by the number of factors regulates the termination phase