Mitochondrial disorders can be caused by mutations in all th

Mitochondrial disorders can be caused by mutations in all the following except:

1 mitochondrial DNA

2 nuclear DNA

The diagram shows the rate of diffuslon Into a cell using carrier protelns. Glucose concentration M MODULE 2 ExAM x G Carrier proteins are sa x G The diagram shows the x G The diagram shows the x Q Bio 111 Chapter 5 Post x c Chegg Study l Guided x C ezto.mheducation.com/hm.tpx Carrier protelns are saturated at which polnt? O 4 O 2 28 The rate of diffuslon will Increase as O temperature decreases. O pH rises. O the number of glucose molecules decreases. O the number of glucose molecules Increases. 29 Carrier protelns are saturated at which polnt? O 4 O 3 O 2

Solution

Ques-1: Mitochondrial disorders can be caused by mutations in all the following except:

Answer: cytoplasmic DNA

Reason:

Nuclear DNA is mainly inherited from both mother and father to code for mRNA finally to synthesize proteins required for the entire organism formations but mitochondrial DNA is merely inherited from mother only. Nuclear DNA is composed of genetic information and useful to code for mature organism as per environmental cues. Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA mutations may induce mitochondrial diseases result inability of cells to generate energy currency of cells for metabolic activity in the resultant phenotype but cytoplasmic DNA has no effects on generating mitochondrial diseases.

Recent research has revealed that mtDNA nonsense mutations mainly due to replicative segregation of heteroplasmic alleles result in bioenergietic lethal defects different from mutations in nuclear genome. It has profoundly observed that maternal genes have capability to provide energy organelles with mtDNA. However, high mutation rate during gamete formation in heteroplasmic alleles responsible for mutant mitochondria due to maternal inheritance.

Mitochondrial genome is circular and double helical similar to nuclear genome and code for tRNA similar to nuclear genome. Mitochondrial DNA is matrilineal

Mitochondrial genome has approximately 1100 bases in which two regions are hypervariable or polymorphic with no genetic code functions exert variability between human beings. Most of mitochondrial DNA is inherited from material origin useful to detect crime aspects in forensic science

Human hair cell do have DNA at their base and hair is made of keratin and the cells located a the base do possess DNA useful for forensic analysis