Nicotinic receptors are located in ganglionic neurons of the

Nicotinic receptors are located in ganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division. ganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division. membranes of skeletal muscle cells. both (a) and (b) All of the above are appropriate. The activation of alpha_1 and beta_1-adrenergic receptors generally produces a stimulatory response. generally produces an inhibitory response. most commonly occurs when epinephrine from the adrenal glands binds to them. occurs when acetylcholine binds to them. Using the answer code just below, identify the chemical signal being described: acetylcholine norepinephrine secreted by all preganglionic axons secreted by sympathetic postganglionic axons secreted by parasympathetic postganglionic axons secreted by the adrenal medulla secreted by somatic motoncurons binds to muscarinic or nicotinic receptors binds to alpha or beta receptors What response would you expect to the following changes in autonomic system activity? Increased sympathetic input to the heart Increased parasympathetic input to the stomach and intestines Increased parasympathetic input to the smooth muscles of the bronchiole air passageways Increased parasympathetic input to the salivary glands of the mouth Increased sympathetic input to pupillary muscles Effect on glucose concentration in the blood evoked by increased sympathetic input to the liver Effect on the rate of urine production evoked by increased sympathetic input to the kidneys

Solution

Answers:

7. (e)

Nicotinic receptors are found in: The somatic nervous system (neuromuscular junctions in skeletal muscles), the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system (autonomic ganglia) and the central nervous system.

8. (c)

Epinephrine activates alpha1, alpha2, beta1, and beta2 receptors.

9. (a) Acetylcholine- preganglionic axons, binds to muscarinic or nicotinic receptors, secreted by parasympathetic postganglionic axons, secreted by somatic motor neurons.

Non-epinephrine - secreted from adrenal medulla, binds to alpha and beta receptors, secreted by sympathetic post ganglionic axons