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Although the number of cases of mate choice by females dwarfs the known examples of choosy males, that rarer form of mate choice does occur and may be more widespread than often appreciated. In this light, why might it be adaptive for male jungle fowl to enhance the speed with which their sperm can travel when roosters inseminate attractive versus unattractive females? Why might male potbellied seahorses (Figure 8.4 in the textbook) strongly prefer to court large females, whereas females show no such preference for large males? And why might male black widow spiders bias courtship in favor of well-fed females as opposed to starved ones?

Solution

1. Red jungle fowl, ancestor of chicken can adjust the speed and effectiveness of their sperm depending on whether they find their mate attractive or not. They do so by allocating more or less seminal fluids to copulations. The determining factor is in the remarkable change of speed is how attractive the male finds the female. The male jungle fowl has two ejaculatory ducts that can fire independently so that the attractive females get a shot from both barrels. It is an adaptive behaviour in red jungle fowl to produce more sperm by the process of double firing when he finds an attractive female.

2. Male seahorses prefer the large female horses to increase their reproductive success. By choosing the large females, they are likely to have more or bigger eggs, as well as bigger offsprings.

3. The black male widow spiders prefers well fed females to minimise their risk of being eaten up by after mating. Female black widow spiders are well known for feeding on their partners soon after mating. The black male spider demarcates between a well fed female from a starved due to the release of pheromones by the well fed black sider females.