What changes in sea surface temperature and atmospheric pres

What changes in sea surface temperature and atmospheric pressure over the South American Pacific accompany the El Niño? How do El Niño affect precipitation in South America and Australia? (please explain this in short)

Which of the following statements about climate is false? (is this all of the above are true?)
a. Climate is the long-term description of weather, and encompasses not just average conditions but also the full scope of variation.
b. Climatic variation can occur on seasonal time scales.
c. Climatic variation can occur on time scales greater than a year.
d. Climatic change refers to directional change in climate over a period of several decades.
e. All of the above are true; none is false.

Solution

El nino refers to the climatic changes that forms a climate cycle affecting the pattern of weather. This phenomenon is centered in Pacific Ocean but has a global impact.

In South American Pacific it causes rise in the sea temperature and increased rainfall

In South America elnino leads to floods and damage to the ocean fauna and everything related to it

In Australia the el nino leads to increase in temperature and a delayed and reduced rainfall as the rain shifts toward the west

All the above facts about Climate are true