In paragraph formation may I have help with these qeustions

In paragraph formation, may I have help with these qeustions thank you.

A high school football player has sustained a horrific blow to the back during Friday night’s game. On Sunday, he noticed that his urine was darker than usual and he was having extreme pain in his right flank area.

1.What do you suspect and why?

2. What are some of the normal functions of the kidney? Give a brief explanation of each.

3. What diagnostic testing would be helpful to determine renal function or dysfunction?

Several days later, the client develops generalized edema.

1. What would you anticipate finding in his urine? Why?

Solution

1.The player may having bruised kidney.Symptoms of a blunt kidney injury include pain or bruising in the upper abdomen or the area between the ribs and hip (flank), blood in the urine, marks near a kidney made by a seat belt, or pain resulting from fractures of the lower ribs.Motor vehicle accidents, falls, and other high-force trauma to the abdomen or backcan cause kidney injury. A significant blow may cause a kidney bruise, an injury characterized by bleeding within the kidney.

2.Functions of kideney

3.Kidney function can be found through lab tests or by symptoms. High blood levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen (BUN) or high levels of protein in urine kidney disease. Diabetics should have a yearly urine test for microalbumin, small amounts of protein that don\'t show up on standard urine protein test.Glomerular Filtration Rate(GFR)test is a measure of how well the kidneys are removing wastes and excess fluid from the blood.

4.Edema forms in people with kidney disease for two reasons:

Proteins spills through the kidney and into the urine in kidney disease. The heavy loss of protein in the urine (over 3.0 grams per day) with its accompanying edema is termed the nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome results in a reduction in the concentration of albumin in the blood (hypoalbuminemia). Since albumin helps to maintain blood volume in the blood vessels, a reduction of fluid in the blood vessels occurs. The kidneys then register that there is depletion of blood volume and attempt to retain salt. Consequently, fluid moves into the interstitial spaces causing pitting edema.So, a protein check in urine can undoubtedly used to analyse edema due to kidney failure.