answer the questions The following program has comments inse

/*answer the questions
The following program has comments inserted into it asking you to do
certain things. Put your answers next to them
*/

#include <stdio.h>

// Q1: What is the purpose of the following line? Don\'t just say what it does. Make sure to describe what it is used for.
#define SIZE 5

// Q2: What are the next two lines called?
void modifyArray(int b[], int size);
void modifyElement(int e);

int main(void)
{
// The next questions apply to the declaration of the variable a:
// Q3: What kind of variable is a? Be complete, including mention of the data type.
// Q4: What does SIZE do in the declaration?
// Q5: Describe what the numbers between the curly braces do.
int a[SIZE] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4};
int i = 0;

      printf(\"The values of the original array are: \");

      while( i < SIZE )
      {
            printf(\"%d \", a[i++]);
      }
      printf(\"\ \");

// Q6: The use of the SIZE parameter helps modifyArray immensely. How is modifyArray improved by SIZE being passed as a parameter?
      modifyArray(a, SIZE);

// Q7: What would happen to the program if we left out the i = 0 line?
      i = 0;
      printf(\"New values are: \");
      while( i < SIZE)
      {
            printf(\"%d \", a[i++]);
      }
      printf(\"\ \");

// Q8: What would happen if we left out the [3] in the line below? Why?
      printf(\"The value of element 3 is %d\ \", a[3]);
                 
// Q9: What data type is a[3]?
      modifyElement(a[3]);

      printf(\"The new value of element 3 is %d\ \", a[3]);

      return 0;
}

void modifyArray(int b[], int size)
{
int j = 0;

      while( j < size )
      {
            b[j] = b[j] * 2;
            j++;
      }
}

void modifyElement(int e)
{
      e = e * 2;
      printf(\"Doubled to %d\ \", e);
}

// Q10: Write a function called reallyModifyElement that takes a pointer
// to an int as a parameter and multiplies by two the contents that
// are pointed to by the pointer. Comment it with a function comment
// and inline comments as appropriate. Use 4 spaces instead of TABs
// for indentation.

Solution

1. Preprocessor macros get literally swapped in during the preprocess stage of the compilation.

will get swapped for

when the compiler sees it. It does not have a size of its own as such.

2.

3,4 and 5. The variable a is declared as an integer array with a size of 5 and it is initialized to

a[0] = 0, a[1] = 1, a[2] = 2, a[3] = 3, a[4] = 4 .

6.