How does a SwensonWalker crystallizer work And what is magma

How does a Swenson-Walker crystallizer work? And what is magma?

Solution

Crystallization is the process by which a chemical is separated from solution as a high-purity, definitively shaped solid.

PRINCIPLE: It is based on cooling principle of crystallization.

CONSTRUCTION: It consists of an open trough (A) 2 ft wide, with a semicylindrical bottom. A water jacket (B) is welded to the outside surface of the trough. Inside the trough a slow speed, long pitch, spiral agitator (C) is fitted as close as possible to the bottom of the trough. The agitator rotates at a speed of 7 rpm. This apparatus is built in units of 10 ft length. Several such units are joined together to give increased capacity.

PROCEDURE: This is continuous type crystallizer. The hot supersaturated solution is fed at one end of the trough, and the cooling water is flows in the jacket, but in counter current (i.e. opposite to the flow ) to the solution. As the hot solution flows along the trough it is cooled and crystals are formed. Agitator prevents an accumulation of the crystals on the cooling surface and, lift the crystals and shower them through the solution. In this manner perfectly individual crystals are formed. At the end of the crystallizer there may be an over flow gate where the mother liquor and the crystals are overflowed in a draining table or drain box,, from which the mother liquor is separated and fed in the crystallizer again. The crystals are sent to centrifuge.

Magma is molten material beneath or within the earth\'s crust, fromwhich igneous rock is formed/any crude mixture of finely divided mineral or organic matter/a paste composed of solid and liquid matter.