Organisms with the genotypes aaBbCcDd and AaBbCcDd are cross
     Organisms with the genotypes aaBbCcDd and AaBbCcDd are crossed. What are the expected proportions of the following progeny?  A-B-C-D-  AabbCcDd  A phenotype identical to either parent  A-3-ccdd 
  
  Solution
aaBbCcDd x AaBbCcDd ============> It is based on multiplicative or and law of probability. The individual proportions are: aa x Aa ----------> 1/2 of Aa & 1/2 of aa.
Bb x Bb ------------> 1/4 of BB, 1/2 of Bb & 1/4 of bb
Cc x Cc -------------> 1/4 of CC, 1/2 of Cc & 1/4 of cc
Dd x Dd --------------> 1/4 of DD, 1/2 of Dd & 1/4 of dd
Then
a. A----B---C---D--. It is AaBbCcDd. Its proportion is 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/16
b. 1/2 x 1/4 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/32
c. Proportion of AaBbCcDd is 1/16 & proportion of aaBbCcDd = 1/16
d. 1/2 x 1/2 x 1/4 x 1/4 = 1/64

