If a cell has a membrane potential of 90 mV it has to use wh

If a cell has a membrane potential of -90 mV, it has to use what kind of the following channels? How about at -70mV? (choose all that apply)

Passive sodium channels

Passive potassium channels

Passive calcium channels

Voltage gated sodium channels

Voltage gated potassium channels

Voltage gated calcium channels

ligand gated sodium channels

ligand gated potassium channels

ligand gated calcium channels

Solution

a). Passive sodium channels

b). Passive potassium channels

c). Passive calcium channels

e). Voltage-gated potassium channels

h). ligand-gated potassium channels

These channels function when the membrane potential is -90 mV. This is hyperpolarized state, during which the opening of voltage-gated and ligand-gated channels cause efflux of potassium and makes the membrane potential more negative. The passive channels are always in open state.

a). Passive sodium channels

b). Passive potassium channels

c). Passive calcium channels

The membrane potential of -70mV indicates resting membrane potential, which indicates the resting stage. During resting stage all the passive channels are in open state. The functioning of voltage-gated channels and ligand-gated channels need stimulus.