During a pregnancy erythroblastosis fetalis will be a seriou

During a pregnancy, erythroblastosis fetalis will be a serious problem if measures are not taken to prevent it. This occurs if: an Rh^+ mother has an Rh foetus an Rh^+ mother has an Rh foetus an Rh^+ mother has an Rh fortus an Rh^+ mother has an Rh^+ foetus The kidneys are implicated in the negative feedback mechanism of the erythropoiesis process by stimulating the media of the arteries to increase the flow of the red blood cell True False Serotonin is very important in the platelet plug formation process as it favors the restriction of: blood flow formation of Golgi vesicles mitochondrial activity calcium stores

Solution

10. Erythroblastosis fetalis is a condition that arises due to Rh incompatibility or ABO incompatibility. When the pregnant mother is Rh negative while the developing fetus is Rh positive (as the father is Rh positive), the red blood cells from the fetus may enter the mother\'s bloodstream through the placenta, which may in turn induce an immune reaction in the mother. The maternal antibodies produced against the Rh antigens then attack the fetal RBC\'s resulting in hemolytic anemia and hence it is also called as hemolytic disease of the new born. To prevent such a condition the mother is given a RhoGAM which prevents the formation of these antibodies. Thus the correct choice for the question would be an Rh^- mother has an Rh⁺ foetus.

11. I request you to kindly post a slightly clearer picture of this question. But just to add from what I can comprehend, the process of erythropoesis is the producion of red blood cells or erythrocytes from the bone marrow. When the oxygen concentration in our blood decreases, the liver produces a hormone called erythropoetin (in an inactive form) which is then activated by renal erythproetic factor (REF) released by the kidneys. This active erythropoetin then stimulates the bone marrow to produce RBC\'s which combine with oxygen and thereby increase blood oxygen concentration. When the blood oxygen levels are restored the levels of erythropoetin released from the kidney also decreases. Thus regulating the levels of blood oxygen concentration. This is the negative feedback mechanism that the kidney participates in. Hope this helps.

12. When an injury occurs which causes the rupture of a blood vessel, hemostasis is the immediate response of the body to prevent excessive bleeding. It forms the initial stage of the wound healing process. The first step post an injury is vasoconstriction around the site of injury to prevent blood loss. This is followed by the process of platelet plug formation. In this process the platelets attach to the exposed collagen and begin to adhere to each other, thereby forming a mesh preventing bleeding. When the platelets attach to the damaged site they undergo degranulation releasing chemicals such as serotonin, ADP, and thromboxane A2. The chemicals released, promote further adhesion of platelets to the damage site and also platelet aggregation, thus resulting in the formation of a platelet plug. The serotonin released, plays an essential role in vasoconstriction. Thus the correct answer choice would be serotonin is very important in platelet plug formation as it favors the restriction of blood flow.