Explain how and why antibiotic resistance can evolve by sele

Explain how and why antibiotic resistance can evolve by selection. Target a specific mechanism for resistance (e.g., a specific gene, what it codes for, and how that trait contributes to antibiotic resistance) in your answer. Please include how all of the prerequisites for natural selection are met, with specific reference to your example, in order for resistance to evolve and lead to the global public health threat we face.

Solution

If we grow bacteria under their harsh condition like antibiotic susceptibility, some bacteria may have adaptability for the resistance of the antibiotic. Due to selection process, nature selects those bacteria that evolve themselves against the antibiotic. This evolvement occurs through mutation and recombination. Both follow same phenomenon. Mutation also occurs naturally and artificially. The survived individuals selected naturally and artificially for increasing the population. That is the concept of natural selection; organisms adopt themselves for survive and increase their population.

Artificially they developed for the beneficiary of human maximally. For the development of antibiotic resistant, another factor is more important. This is the introduction of antibiotics for treatment of various diseases. During treatment if any bacterium does not have resistant power to certain antibiotics, the bacterium may evolve their resistant property later. It is because the changes of different molecular component of that bacterium. The introduction of antibiotic may change in RNA polymerase gene rpo A or B, 23 sRNA, gyrA gene, etc. these changes induce resistant development against a particular antibiotic. For example, Rifampcin and Clarithromycin resistant development in Helicobacter pylori occurs through spontaneous mutations.