For the given rooted tree determine which vertex is the root

For the given rooted tree, determine which vertex is the root. Which vertices are internal and which are leaves? Which vertices are children of j? Which vertex is the parent of h? Which vertices are the siblings of o? Which vertices are the descendants of b?

Solution

Here, a is the root of the tree.

The internal vertices are a, b, d, e, g, h, i, o.

The leaves are c, f, j, k, l, m, n, q, p, r, s

There are no children of j as j is a leave.

The parent of h is d.

The sibling of o is p.

The descendants of b are e, f, g, j, k, l, m.