Exercise 1555 The Department of Energy and the US Environmen
{Exercise 15.55}
The Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency\'s 2012 Fuel Economy Guide provides fuel efficiency data for 2012 model year cars and trucks (Department of Energy website, April 16, 2012). The file named 2012 FuelEcon provides a portion of the data for 309 cars. The column labeled Manufacturer shows the name of the company that manufactured the car; the column labeled Displacement shows the engine\'s displacement in liters; the column labeled Fuel shows the required or recommended type of fuel (regular or premium gasoline); the column labeled Drive identifies the type of drive (F for front wheel, R for rear wheel, and A for all wheel); and the column labeled HwyMPG shows the fuel efficiency rating for highway driving in terms of miles per gallon.
Click on the webfile logo to reference the data.
Round your answers to four decimal places.
a. Develop an estimated regression equation that can be used to predict the fuel efficiency for highway driving given the engine\'s displacement.
Round your answers to four decimal places. Enter negative values as negative numbers.
Test for significance using = .05.
p-value is
.
| Manufacturer | Displacement | Fuel | Drive | Hwy MPG |
| Audi | 2.0 | Premium | F | 30 |
| Audi | 2.0 | Premium | F | 31 |
| Audi | 2.0 | Premium | F | 31 |
| Audi | 2.0 | Premium | F | 33 |
| Audi | 2.0 | Premium | A | 29 |
| Audi | 2.0 | Premium | A | 31 |
| Audi | 2.0 | Premium | A | 27 |
| BMW | 1.6 | Premium | F | 30 |
| BMW | 1.6 | Premium | F | 35 |
| BMW | 1.6 | Premium | F | 32 |
| BMW | 1.6 | Premium | F | 32 |
| BMW | 2.0 | Premium | R | 36 |
| BMW | 2.0 | Premium | R | 34 |
| BMW | 1.6 | Premium | A | 30 |
| BMW | 1.6 | Premium | A | 31 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 2.4 | Regular | F | 29 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.0 | Regular | F | 38 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.0 | Regular | F | 37 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.0 | Regular | F | 36 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.0 | Regular | F | 38 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.0 | Regular | F | 36 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.0 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.0 | Regular | F | 40 |
| General Motors | 2.4 | Regular | F | 32 |
| General Motors | 1.4 | Regular | F | 37 |
| General Motors | 1.4 | Regular | F | 40 |
| General Motors | 1.8 | Regular | F | 35 |
| General Motors | 1.8 | Regular | F | 35 |
| Honda | 2.4 | Regular | F | 33 |
| Honda | 2.4 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Honda | 1.8 | Regular | F | 39 |
| Honda | 1.8 | Regular | F | 36 |
| Honda | 1.8 | Regular | F | 41 |
| Honda | 1.5 | Regular | F | 44 |
| Honda | 1.3 | Regular | F | 44 |
| Honda | 1.3 | Regular | F | 44 |
| Honda | 2.4 | Premium | F | 31 |
| Honda | 2.4 | Premium | F | 29 |
| Honda | 2.4 | Premium | F | 31 |
| Hyundai | 1.6 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Hyundai | 1.6 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Hyundai | 1.6 | Regular | F | 38 |
| Hyundai | 1.6 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Kia | 2.0 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Kia | 2.0 | Regular | F | 33 |
| Kia | 2.4 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Kia | 2.4 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Kia | 1.6 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Kia | 1.6 | Regular | F | 40 |
| MAZDA | 1.5 | Regular | F | 34 |
| MAZDA | 1.5 | Regular | F | 35 |
| MAZDA | 2.0 | Regular | F | 33 |
| MAZDA | 2.0 | Regular | F | 33 |
| MAZDA | 2.5 | Regular | F | 29 |
| MAZDA | 2.5 | Regular | F | 28 |
| MAZDA | 2.0 | Regular | F | 40 |
| MAZDA | 2.0 | Regular | F | 39 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 1.8 | Premium | R | 31 |
| Mitsubishi Motors Co | 2.0 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Mitsubishi Motors Co | 2.0 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Mitsubishi Motors Co | 2.4 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Mitsubishi Motors Co | 2.4 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Mitsubishi Motors Co | 2.4 | Regular | A | 29 |
| Mitsubishi Motors Co | 2.0 | Premium | A | 25 |
| Mitsubishi Motors Co | 2.0 | Premium | A | 22 |
| Mitsubishi Motors Co | 2.0 | Premium | A | 23 |
| Nissan | 1.6 | Regular | F | 38 |
| Nissan | 1.6 | Regular | F | 36 |
| Nissan | 1.8 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Nissan | 1.8 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Nissan | 1.8 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Subaru | 2.0 | Regular | A | 36 |
| Subaru | 2.0 | Regular | A | 34 |
| Subaru | 2.5 | Premium | A | 25 |
| Subaru | 2.5 | Premium | A | 23 |
| Suzuki | 2.4 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Suzuki | 2.4 | Regular | F | 29 |
| Suzuki | 2.4 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Suzuki | 2.4 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Suzuki | 2.0 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Suzuki | 2.0 | Regular | F | 33 |
| Suzuki | 2.0 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Suzuki | 2.0 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Suzuki | 2.4 | Regular | A | 29 |
| Suzuki | 2.4 | Regular | A | 30 |
| Toyota | 1.8 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Toyota | 2.4 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Toyota | 2.5 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Toyota | 2.5 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Toyota | 1.8 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Toyota | 1.8 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Toyota | 1.5 | Regular | F | 46 |
| Toyota | 1.5 | Regular | F | 35 |
| Toyota | 1.5 | Regular | F | 38 |
| Volkswagen | 2.0 | Regular | F | 29 |
| Volkswagen | 2.0 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Volkswagen | 2.0 | Premium | F | 31 |
| Volkswagen | 2.0 | Premium | F | 32 |
| Volkswagen | 2.0 | Premium | F | 33 |
| Audi | 3.0 | Premium | A | 28 |
| Audi | 3.0 | Premium | A | 27 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 33 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 30 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 31 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 33 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | F | 29 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | R | 30 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | R | 29 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | R | 28 |
| Honda | 3.5 | Regular | F | 29 |
| Honda | 3.5 | Regular | F | 26 |
| Honda | 3.5 | Premium | F | 28 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 3.5 | Premium | R | 29 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 3.5 | Premium | R | 29 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 3.5 | Premium | R | 29 |
| Volkswagen | 3.6 | Premium | A | 25 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 23 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 22 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 23 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 22 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | A | 20 |
| General Motors | 6.2 | Regular | R | 18 |
| General Motors | 6.2 | Regular | R | 24 |
| General Motors | 6.2 | Regular | R | 24 |
| General Motors | 6.2 | Premium | R | 19 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 6.2 | Premium | R | 19 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 5.5 | Premium | R | 22 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 4.7 | Premium | R | 25 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 5.5 | Premium | R | 25 |
| Honda | 2.4 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Honda | 2.4 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Hyundai | 2.0 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Hyundai | 2.4 | Regular | F | 35 |
| Hyundai | 2.4 | Regular | F | 35 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 28 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 25 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 25 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | A | 27 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | R | 27 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | R | 31 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | R | 27 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | R | 31 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | A | 27 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | A | 27 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | F | 28 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | F | 27 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | F | 25 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | A | 26 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | A | 25 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | A | 25 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.7 | Regular | A | 23 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | F | 30 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Honda | 3.5 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Hyundai | 3.3 | Regular | F | 29 |
| Hyundai | 3.8 | Regular | R | 29 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 3.5 | Premium | R | 25 |
| Porsche | 3.6 | Premium | R | 27 |
| Porsche | 3.0 | Premium | R | 30 |
| Toyota | 3.5 | Regular | F | 28 |
| Audi | 4.2 | Premium | A | 28 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 22 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 22 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 22 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 24 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 22 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 22 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | A | 19 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | A | 20 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | A | 20 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | A | 20 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | A | 20 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 6.4 | Premium | R | 23 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 6.4 | Premium | R | 23 |
| Hyundai | 5.0 | Premium | R | 23 |
| Hyundai | 4.6 | Premium | R | 26 |
| Hyundai | 5.0 | Premium | R | 26 |
| Hyundai | 5.0 | Premium | R | 25 |
| Jaguar Cars | 5.0 | Premium | R | 23 |
| Jaguar Cars | 5.0 | Premium | R | 21 |
| Jaguar Cars | 5.0 | Premium | R | 21 |
| Jaguar Cars | 5.0 | Premium | R | 22 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 4.7 | Premium | R | 25 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 5.5 | Premium | R | 23 |
| Porsche | 4.8 | Premium | R | 24 |
| Porsche | 4.8 | Premium | A | 24 |
| Porsche | 4.8 | Premium | A | 23 |
| Porsche | 4.8 | Premium | A | 23 |
| Audi | 2.0 | Premium | F | 33 |
| BMW | 2.0 | Premium | R | 34 |
| BMW | 2.0 | Premium | A | 32 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 2.4 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 2.4 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 2.4 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 2.4 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.5 | Regular | F | 33 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.5 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.5 | Regular | F | 29 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.5 | Regular | F | 36 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.5 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Ford Motor Company | 2.5 | Regular | F | 36 |
| General Motors | 2.4 | Regular | F | 36 |
| General Motors | 2.0 | Regular | F | 29 |
| General Motors | 2.0 | Regular | F | 27 |
| General Motors | 2.0 | Regular | F | 32 |
| General Motors | 2.0 | Regular | F | 27 |
| General Motors | 2.4 | Regular | F | 36 |
| General Motors | 2.4 | Regular | F | 31 |
| General Motors | 2.4 | Regular | F | 31 |
| General Motors | 1.4 | Regular | F | 38 |
| General Motors | 1.4 | Regular | F | 38 |
| General Motors | 1.8 | Regular | F | 35 |
| General Motors | 1.8 | Regular | F | 36 |
| General Motors | 1.4 | Regular | F | 39 |
| General Motors | 1.4 | Regular | F | 42 |
| General Motors | 2.4 | Regular | F | 33 |
| General Motors | 2.4 | Regular | F | 33 |
| General Motors | 1.4 | Regular | F | 37 |
| Hyundai | 1.8 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Hyundai | 1.8 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Hyundai | 2.4 | Regular | F | 40 |
| Kia | 2.0 | Regular | F | 36 |
| Kia | 2.0 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Kia | 2.4 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Kia | 2.4 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Kia | 2.0 | Regular | F | 37 |
| Kia | 2.0 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Kia | 2.4 | Regular | F | 35 |
| Kia | 2.4 | Regular | F | 35 |
| Kia | 2.4 | Regular | F | 40 |
| MAZDA | 2.0 | Regular | F | 39 |
| MAZDA | 2.0 | Regular | F | 38 |
| MAZDA | 2.5 | Regular | F | 31 |
| MAZDA | 2.5 | Regular | F | 30 |
| MAZDA | 2.3 | Premium | F | 25 |
| Nissan | 2.5 | Regular | F | 32 |
| Nissan | 2.0 | Regular | F | 34 |
| Nissan | 2.0 | Regular | F | 31 |
| Nissan | 2.5 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Nissan | 2.5 | Premium | F | 28 |
| Subaru | 2.5 | Regular | A | 31 |
| Subaru | 2.5 | Regular | A | 27 |
| Subaru | 2.5 | Premium | A | 25 |
| Toyota | 2.5 | Regular | F | 35 |
| Toyota | 2.5 | Regular | F | 39 |
| Toyota | 2.5 | Regular | F | 38 |
| Toyota | 1.8 | Regular | F | 48 |
| Audi | 3.0 | Premium | A | 28 |
| Audi | 3.0 | Premium | A | 28 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 31 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | R | 30 |
| BMW | 3.0 | Premium | A | 30 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | F | 29 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | F | 29 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 3.6 | Regular | R | 27 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | F | 27 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.0 | Regular | F | 28 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | F | 27 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | A | 25 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.0 | Regular | A | 26 |
| Ford Motor Company | 3.5 | Regular | A | 25 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | F | 27 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | F | 27 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | F | 26 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | R | 27 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | R | 26 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | A | 26 |
| General Motors | 3.0 | Regular | A | 26 |
| General Motors | 3.6 | Regular | A | 27 |
| Honda | 3.5 | Premium | F | 29 |
| Honda | 3.7 | Premium | A | 24 |
| Honda | 3.7 | Premium | A | 26 |
| Honda | 3.7 | Premium | A | 25 |
| MAZDA | 3.7 | Regular | F | 27 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 3.5 | Premium | R | 30 |
| Nissan | 3.5 | Regular | F | 27 |
| Nissan | 3.5 | Premium | F | 26 |
| Nissan | 2.5 | Premium | R | 29 |
| Nissan | 3.5 | Premium | R | 32 |
| Nissan | 2.5 | Premium | A | 27 |
| Nissan | 3.7 | Premium | R | 27 |
| Nissan | 3.7 | Premium | R | 25 |
| Nissan | 3.7 | Premium | R | 26 |
| Nissan | 3.7 | Premium | A | 25 |
| Nissan | 3.7 | Premium | A | 24 |
| Subaru | 3.6 | Regular | A | 25 |
| Toyota | 3.5 | Regular | F | 28 |
| Toyota | 3.5 | Regular | F | 30 |
| Volkswagen | 3.6 | Premium | F | 28 |
| Audi | 4.2 | Premium | A | 28 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 23 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 22 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | R | 24 |
| BMW | 4.4 | Premium | A | 20 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 6.4 | Premium | R | 23 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 5.7 | Premium | R | 23 |
| Chrysler Group LLC | 6.4 | Premium | R | 23 |
| General Motors | 6.2 | Premium | R | 18 |
| General Motors | 6.2 | Premium | R | 19 |
| Jaguar Cars | 5.0 | Premium | R | 21 |
| Jaguar Cars | 5.0 | Premium | R | 23 |
| Mercedes-Benz | 5.5 | Premium | R | 24 |
| Nissan | 5.6 | Premium | R | 24 |
| Nissan | 5.6 | Premium | A | 23 |
| Toyota | 4.6 | Premium | R | 24 |
| Toyota | 4.6 | Premium | R | 24 |
| Toyota | 4.6 | Premium | A | 23 |
| Toyota | 4.6 | Premium | A | 23 |
| Toyota | 5.0 | Premium | A | 23 |
Solution
The Regression equation is
y=a+bx
where x is displacement and y is fuel
The fitted Regression equation is
y=41.05 - 3.7232 (displacement)
for intercept and displacement P< alpha(0.05), we reject the null hypothesis. Hence result is significant
| SUMMARY OUTPUT | ||||||
| Regression Statistics | ||||||
| Multiple R | 0.801317 | |||||
| R Square | 0.642109 | |||||
| Adjusted R Square | 0.640943 | |||||
| Standard Error | 3.412261 | |||||
| Observations | 309 | |||||
| ANOVA | ||||||
| df | SS | MS | F | Significance F | ||
| Regression | 1 | 6413.288 | 6413.288 | 550.8028919 | 1.79552E-70 | |
| Residual | 307 | 3574.563 | 11.64353 | |||
| Total | 308 | 9987.851 | ||||
| Coefficients | Standard Error | t Stat | P-value | Lower 95% | Upper 95% | |
| Intercept | 41.05343 | 0.516559 | 79.4748 | 8.1216E-207 | 40.03698591 | 42.06987 |
| Displacement | -3.7232 | 0.158642 | -23.4692 | 1.79552E-70 | -4.035361299 | -3.41104 |







