Homework SourseIn USA as an example there are four ways in which individual
Solution
Trade Secret:
A trade secret is a process of compilation of information which a business uses to obtain an economic advantage over competitors and customers.
In Saudi Arabia, the protection of trade secret assets is specifically addressed in the Protection of Confidential Commercial Information (TSR), which was enacted in 2007.
A manufacturing company develops a process for the manufacturing of its products that allows it to produce its goods in a more cost-effective manner. Such a process provides the enterprise a competitive edge over its competitors. The manufacturer would then make the process a trade secret so that the competitors would not know about it. It makes sure that only a limited number of people know the secret, and those who know it are made well aware that it is confidential. When dealing with third parties or licensing its know-how, the manufacturer signs a confidentiality agreement to ensure that all parties know that the information is a secret. In such circumstances, the misappropriation of the information by a competitor or by any third party would be considered a violation of the manufacturer\'s trade secrets.
Patents:
A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention on a product or process that provides a new way of doing something, or that offers a new technical solution to a problem.
Patents in Saudi Arabia are governed by Patents, Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits, Plant Varieties and Industrial Models Law, effective September 6, 2004.
Applications for patents must be submitted to the Directorate of Patents at King Abdul Aziz City of Science and Technology (KACST) on the appropriate form.
Patents are granted by national patent offices or by regional offices that carry out examination work for a group of countries – for example, the European Patent Office (EPO) and the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI). Under such regional systems, an applicant requests protection for an invention in one or more countries, and each country decides whether to offer patent protection within its borders.
Bowman v. Monsanto Co., 569 U.S. ___ (2013) was a United States Supreme Court patent decision in which the Court unanimously affirmed the decision of the Federal Circuit that the patent exhaustion doctrine does not permit a farmer to plant and grow saved, patented seeds without the patent owner\'s permission. The case arose after Vernon Hugh Bowman, an Indiana farmer, bought transgenic soybean seeds from a local grain elevator for his second crop of the season. Monsanto originally sold the seed from which these soybeans were grown to farmers under a limited use license that prohibited the farmer-buyer from using the seeds for more than a single season or from saving any seed produced from the crop for replanting.
Copyrights:
Copyright laws grant authors, artists and other creators protection for their literary and artistic creations.
Saudi Arabia enacted its most recent Copyrights Law by Royal Decree No. M/41 of 2.7.1424H (30 August 2003) Which went into effect in March 2004.
The field of copyright has enormously expanded in the telecommunications department due to the advancement in technology such as satellite broadcasting, compact discs and DVDs.
The federal jury in Los Angeles agreed that “Blurred Lines” by Robin Thicke had gone too far, and copied elements of Gaye’s 1977 song “Got to Give It Up” without permission. The jury found that Mr.Thicke, with Pharrell Williams, who shares a songwriting credit on the track, had committed copyright infringement, and it awarded more than $7.3 million to Mr. Gaye’s family.
Trademark:
A trademark is a distinctive sign that identifies certain goods or services produced or provided by an individual or a company.
Saudi Arabia’s current Trademark Law came into force on 4 December 2002. The Law was enacted by Royal Decree M/21, dated 28/5/1404H (corresponding to 6 Au-gust 2002). The implementing regulations were issued on 4 October 2002 by ministeri-al order no.1723. The law repeals the Trademark Law and Implementing Regulations 1984.
A lawsuit by The 3M company against Changzhou Huawei Advanced Material Co Ltd for the use of 3N resulted in a win for 3M and \"significant damages\" for 3M. It was ultimately ruled that, despite some dissimilarities in products and pricing, the notoriety of the 3M mark and the fact that 3N had managed to acquire clients and market share by use of the similar mark, constituted infringement.
