Research CMOS logic at your local college or library and des

Research CMOS logic at your local college or library, and describe the range of applications and basic advantages of the approach

Solution

CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) logic has a few desirable advantages:

High input impedance. The input signal is driving electrodes with a layer of insulation (the metal oxide) between them and what they are controlling. This gives them a small amount of capacitance, but virtually infinite resistance. The current into or out of CMOS input held at one level is just leakage, usually 1 nanoAmpere or less

The outputs actively drive both ways

The outputs are pretty much rail-to-rail

CMOS logic takes very little power when held in a fixed state. The current consumption comes from switching as those capacitors are charged and discharged. Even then, it has good speed to power ratio compared to other logic types.

Applications are Logic gates basic building block for computer processors,microcontroller FPGA etc

CMOS gates are very simple. The basic gate is an inverter, which is only two transistors. This together with the low power consumption means it lends itself well to dense integration. Or conversely, you get a lot of logic for the size, cost and power.

However, just like everything else CMOS has its own disadvantages;

No bipolar
Some circuits are not practicable
Difficult to implement

In terms of CMOS technology for implementing vision chips the disadvantages are as follows;

Analog circuit design:Leading edge processes are not characterized and tuned for analog circuit design.
Photodetectors:The photodetector structures are not characterized in any of the processes. It is the designer’s responsibility to assure that the photodetectors function as desired.

Second order effects:In the scaling process some second order device characteristics, such as subthreshold operation, are usually ignored or paid less attention, and their cancellation is more desired than their improvement.

Mismatch:Mismatch in CMOS devices is relatively high. This is specially hindering the reliability of analog processing in vision chips.