Explain how a gene directs the synthesis of a protein Give t

Explain how a gene directs the synthesis of a protein. Give the location and a brief description of each step of the process. Include in your explanation the words \"amino acid,\" \"anti-codon,\" \" codon,\" \"cytoplasm,\" \"DNA,\" \"mRNA,\" \"nucleotide,\" \"nucleus,\" \"ribosome,\" \"RNA polymerase,\" \"tRNA.\" \"transcription,\" and \"translation.\"

Solution

Answer:

Protein synthesis occurs in two steps, transcription & translation.

Transcription occurs in the nucleus. In the transcription, mRNA is produced from the template strand of the DNA with the help of RNA polymerase.

Translaation occurs in the cytoplasm. The mRNA brings the from the DNA in the form of codons. Each codon is a three succesive nucleotides (nitrogen bases). tRNA consists of anticodon that are complementary to the codon of the mRNA. The tRNA brings the amino acids along the sequence of the mRNA. The amino acids are connected by the peptide bond. Finally polypeptide (protein) is produced.