Homework SourseSignificance of differences between mitosis and meiosis Mito
Solution
S.No
Mitosis
Meosis
General differences
1
The division occurs in somatic cells
It occurs in reproductive cells
2
Both diploid and haploid cells shows mitosis
Meosis is found only in diploid cells
3
It is a single division
It is a double division
4
Mitosis produce two cells
Meosis produce four cells
5
It does not introduce variation
Meosis induces variations due to gene exchange
6
Number of chromosomes same as mother cells
Chromosome number reduced(halved)
7
It is required for growth ,repair and healing
Meosis involved only in sexual reproduction
a)Prophase
8
It is simpler
Prophase-I is complicated
9
Bouquet stage and synapsis absent
Bouquet stage(synizesis inplants)and synapsis occurs
10
Crossing over and chiasma not seen
Crossing over and Chiasma formation occurs
b)Metaphase
11
Chromosome remain as monovalent and has two chromatids
Chromosome as bivalent and four chromatids
12
Centromere are present over the equator or metaphase plate while arms facing towards the poles
Centromere projects towards the poles
c)Anaphase
13
Centromere divides during anaphase
Division of centromere is absent in anaphase –I
14
Chromosomes are single chromatid
Chromosomes has two chromatid
15
The two chromatid of a chromosome separate and become as daughter chromosomes
Chromtids do not separate in anaphase-I
16
Chromosomes moving towards the opposite poles are similar
Chromosomes are dissimilar
d)Telophase
17
It is an essential in which nucleolus and nuclear material reappears
Telophase-I may be absent
18
Cytokinesis takes place
Not compulsory
19
Daughter cells posses same genetic material
All four daughter cells differ
S.No.
MITOSIS
MEIOSIS-II
1
An interphase occurs prior to mitosis
Interphase may or maynot present prior to meiosis-II.If present then called interkinesis
2
S-phase present
S-phase absent
3
Daughter cells formed after mitosis resemble to mother cells
Differ from mother cells,quantitatively and qualitatively
4
Longer
Shorter
Significance of meiosis:
Significance of mitosis:
| S.No | Mitosis | Meosis |
| General differences | ||
| 1 | The division occurs in somatic cells | It occurs in reproductive cells |
| 2 | Both diploid and haploid cells shows mitosis | Meosis is found only in diploid cells |
| 3 | It is a single division | It is a double division |
| 4 | Mitosis produce two cells | Meosis produce four cells |
| 5 | It does not introduce variation | Meosis induces variations due to gene exchange |
| 6 | Number of chromosomes same as mother cells | Chromosome number reduced(halved) |
| 7 | It is required for growth ,repair and healing | Meosis involved only in sexual reproduction |
| a)Prophase | ||
| 8 | It is simpler | Prophase-I is complicated |
| 9 | Bouquet stage and synapsis absent | Bouquet stage(synizesis inplants)and synapsis occurs |
| 10 | Crossing over and chiasma not seen | Crossing over and Chiasma formation occurs |
| b)Metaphase | ||
| 11 | Chromosome remain as monovalent and has two chromatids | Chromosome as bivalent and four chromatids |
| 12 | Centromere are present over the equator or metaphase plate while arms facing towards the poles | Centromere projects towards the poles |
| c)Anaphase | ||
| 13 | Centromere divides during anaphase | Division of centromere is absent in anaphase –I |
| 14 | Chromosomes are single chromatid | Chromosomes has two chromatid |
| 15 | The two chromatid of a chromosome separate and become as daughter chromosomes | Chromtids do not separate in anaphase-I |
| 16 | Chromosomes moving towards the opposite poles are similar | Chromosomes are dissimilar |
| d)Telophase | ||
| 17 | It is an essential in which nucleolus and nuclear material reappears | Telophase-I may be absent |
| 18 | Cytokinesis takes place | Not compulsory |
| 19 | Daughter cells posses same genetic material | All four daughter cells differ |
| S.No. | MITOSIS | MEIOSIS-II |
| 1 | An interphase occurs prior to mitosis | Interphase may or maynot present prior to meiosis-II.If present then called interkinesis |
| 2 | S-phase present | S-phase absent |
| 3 | Daughter cells formed after mitosis resemble to mother cells | Differ from mother cells,quantitatively and qualitatively |
| 4 | Longer | Shorter |
