Predict the chance that a mutation in CGG is synonymous at t

Predict the chance that a mutation in CGG is synonymous at the first position; second position; third position.

Solution

For instance in the coding of amino acid arginine, the codons required are CGG, due to mutational substitution of A to C and C to A finally result in synonymous codons such as AGG. So that the chance of mutation in CGG is synonymous at the first position is 95%; second position & third position\'s chances are lesser compared to first position. Thereby in the genetic code, nearly more than 95% of codons can be altered by mutational substitution for synonymous codons, which are leading to more misfolding of the proteins and or improper translation of amino acid sequences into the peptide.

The change in single nucleotide results in point mutation, which is of different types such as silent mutations, missense mutations, nonsense mutations, and frame-shift mutations.

1. Genetic code considered as degenerate the reason behind this is the coding of amino acid by more than one codon. For instance in the coding for amino acid Leucine, mutations induces substitution of nucleotide U to C & C to U there by UUA and UUG.

2. First nucleotide, third nucleotide in the triplet codon undergoes mutational substitution but not second nucleotide. Finally, codons, which can code for same leucine amino acid altered and produce no coding codons such as CUA and CUG. These codons are referred as synonymous codons.