A What is meant by gene neutrality B How does assuming a lar

A. What is meant by gene neutrality? B. How does assuming a large number of alleles are neutral help explain the maintenance of allele variation in natural populations?

I believe I have the answer to the first part, however I need help with the second part.

A. Gene neutrality is essentially the “concept” or “idea” that most evolutionary changes at the molecular level occur as consequence of random genetic drift because most mutations at this level are neutral. In other terms, mutations at the molecular level are neutral, so this is why evolutionary changes due to random genetic drift occur there.

Solution

In evolution most of changes within and between species are not only because of natural selection but because of changes at genetic level (point mutation, genetic drift etc.). A neutral mutation (gene neutrality) occurs due to mutation in non-coding portion of genome which does not affect the phenotypes of organism and organism can survive and reproduce normally.

If I take an example of human species only around 1% is coding genome (introns) whereas around 99% genome is non-coding (exon). So definably most of mutations will occurs in exons only. These mutation will pass to the success generations and leads to accumulations of mutations. Neutral genetic changes help to identify individuals at DNA level (DNA finger printing techniques). Only a drop of blood at crime place will be sufficient to identify the individual. Paternity testing is another good example of identification individual. Therefore neutral mutations plays very important role in storing information and included in evolution.