Problem 6 True or False Progeny from the same cross often di

Problem 6) True or False? Progeny from the same cross often displaying phenotypic variability is a characteristic exhibited by a cytoplasmically inherited trait.

False

Solution

Question-1: Cytoplasmically inherited traits are always passed from father to daughter

Answer: False

Reason:

Nuclear DNA is mainly inherited from both mother and father to code for mRNA finally to synthesize proteins required for the entire organism formations but mitochondrial DNA is merely inherited from mother only because of mutations in cytoplasmic DNA but father do not pass this inheritance to either males or females. Nuclear DNA has composed of genetic information and useful to code for mature organism as per environmental cues. Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA mutations may induce mitochondrial diseases result inability of cells to generate energy currency of cells for metabolic activity in the resultant phenotype.

Recent research has revealed that mtDNA nonsense mutations mainly due to replicative segregation of heteroplasmic alleles result in bioenergietic lethal defects different from mutations in nuclear genome. It has profoundly observed that maternal genes have capability to provide energy organelles with mtDNA. However, high mutation rate during gamete formation in heteroplasmic alleles responsible for mutant mitochondria due to maternal inheritance.

Mitochondrial genome is circular and double helical similar to nuclear genome and code for tRNA similar to nuclear genome. Mitochondrial DNA is matrilineal

Mitochondrial genome has approximately 1100 bases in which two regions are hypervariable or polymorphic with no genetic code functions exert variability between human beings. Most of mitochondrial DNA is inherited from material origin useful to detect crime aspects in forensic science

Human hair cell do have DNA at their base and hair is made of keratin and the cells located a the base do possess DNA useful for forensic analysis

Ques-2: Problem 6) True or False? Progeny from the same cross often displaying phenotypic variability is a characteristic exhibited by a cytoplasmically inherited trait.

Answer: True

Reason:

This is due to higher distinct egg cells from maternal origin possess differential proportions of cytoplasmic alleles with random sorting of mitochondria finally progeny from the same cross often displaying phenotypic variability is a characteristic exhibited by a cytoplasmically inherited trait.