Clearly delineate the differences between a bottleneck and a

Clearly delineate the differences between a bottleneck and a founder effect in terms of genetic drift?

Solution

2).

Genetic drift is the fluctuations in allele frequencies in gametes from generation to generation that occurs by chance. The phenomenon of genetic drift is characteristic of all populations.

The changes in allele frequencies that cause genetic drift occur randomly and are generally unpredictable. Genetic drift changes are found to be more accelerated if the population size moves towards reduction in size or shrink.

“Founder effect and a population bottleneck” are the two situations that result in decreased population size and hence, they accelerate the effects of genetic drift.

If a group of people are reproductively isolated or get separated from a large group, this result in founder effect. Founder effect generally results in increase in frequency of two alleles and a decrease in frequency of another two alleles.

If a large number of people are killed by natural disasters, the decreased size of original population results in bottle neck effect. The new population now have a restricted gene pool and only inherit the alleles passed by the small group of survived people.