Explain why the smallest particle of iron is an atom but the

Explain why the smallest particle of iron is an atom, but the smallest particle of water is a molecule. 3. Explain the following statement: The temperature of the water In a teakettle b higher than the temperature of water in a swimming pool, but the swimming pool contains more heat. 4. How does acid precipitation form? How does it injure animals? Plants? 5. Explain why water molecules are polar, how this makes them tend to bond to each other, and how this causes water to have a Urge heat-storage capacity. 6. Explain how evaporation of water from your skin cools you on a hot day. Applying Your Knowledge Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following best states a reductionist point of view? a. You can understand something by taking it apart. b. Small things are more complex than large ones. c. A team can accomplish tasks individual members cannot. d. A system has functions more complex than its parts. e. If you look at something long enough, you will understand it 2. An atom that normally has in its outer shell would tend not be form chemical bonds with other atoms. a. 1 election b. 3 electrons c. 4 electrons d. 6 electrons e. 8 electrons Researchers studying the efforts of toxic wastes knew that animals were poisoned by the heavy metal cadmium, but they wanted to know where cadmium accumulated in the body. They could find out by a. tracing the movement of cadmium too topes in test animals. b. measuring the size of cadmium atoms. c. finding out whether cadmium atoms form ionic or covalent bonds. d. Finding out whether cadmium is acidic in water. e. Determine the number of bonds formed by cadmium atoms. Changing the number of ____ would change it into an atom of a different element a. bonds formed by an atom b. electrons circling the nucleus of an atom c. protons in an atom d. Particle in the nucleus of an atom. e. neutrons in an atom. A glass of grapefruit juice, at pH 3, contains ____H* as a glass of tomato juice, at pH 4. a. one-tenth as much b. half as much c. twice as much d. three times as much e. ten times as much Fluorine atoms tend to take electrons from any atoms that come near. As a result, fluorine atoms a. tend to become positively charged b. are nonpolar c. do not react readily with other atoms d. tend top form ionic bonds. e. are not very electronegative Tim added 10 millilitres (mL) of hydrochloric acid and 10 mL of water (pH7) to a beaker containing 100 mL of water. The pH of the resulting solution was 4. Next he is going to add 10 mL of hydrochloric acid and 10 mL of pH7 buffer to a different beaker containing 100 mL of water. What do you think will happen ? a. The resulting pH will be less than 4. b. The resulting pH will be between 4 and 7. c. The resulting pH will be 7. d. The resulting pH will be between 7 and 11. e. The resulting pH will be greater than 11. A sodium atom has a mass number of 23. Its atomic number is 11. How many electrons does it have (if it is not an ion)? a. 11 b. 12 c. 22 d. 23 e.34

Solution

1- (a) You can understand something by taking it apart

2- (e) 8 electrons

3- (a) tracing the movement of cadmium isotopes in test animals

4- (c) protons in an atom

5- (e) ten times as much

6- (d) tend to form ionic bonds(ionic bonds are formed when one element loses electrons and the other gains them)

7- (b) Since you added a buffer the pH will still decrease but not as hard, result would be between 4 and 7 .

8- (a) No.of electrons in an atom is equal to atomic number of the element .

So no.of electrons in sodium is 11.