Compare and contrast passive transport and active transport

Compare and contrast passive transport and active transport Compare and contrast animal cells and plant cells. Summarize the endosymbiosis theory including the evidence that supports it.

Solution

Differences

1.      Passive transport : It doesn\'t require energy (ATP),

2.      Active transport : it does require energy( ATP).

3.      Passive transport: this moves molecules WITH the concentration gradient (high to low),

4.      active transport: this moves molecules AGAINST the concentration gradient (Low to High).

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Similarities

1.      They (active and passive ) both allow the cell to maintain homeostasis

2.      They maintain an equilibrium of substances in and out of the cell.

3.      They both involve movement of ions across the plasma membrane.

ANIMAL CELL AND PLANT CELL

Animal cell

Plant cell

Cell wall

Absent

Rigid cell wall

Shape

irregular shape round

fixed shape

Centrioles

Present in all animal cells

absent

Chloroplast

Chloroplasts absent

present

lysosomes

present

absent

Nucleus

present

present

Golgi apparatus

present

present

Microtubules/ Microfilaments

present

present

Endoplasmic Reticulum

present

present

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Endosymbiotic Theory: It was initially proposed by previous Boston University Biologist Lynn Margulis in the 1960\'s and authoritatively in her 1981 book \"Advantageous interaction in Cell Evolution\". Albeit now acknowledged as a very much upheld hypothesis, both she and the hypothesis were criticized by standard scholars for various years.

hypothesis originally recommended that:

	Animal cell	Plant cell
Cell wall	Absent	Rigid cell wall
Shape	irregular shape round	fixed shape
Centrioles	Present in all animal cells	absent
Chloroplast	Chloroplasts absent	present
lysosomes	present	absent
Nucleus	present	present
Golgi apparatus	present	present
Microtubules/ Microfilaments	present	present
Endoplasmic Reticulum	present	present