The table below displays the results of a study examining co

The table below displays the results of a study examining coffee consumption and tumors in the lower urinary tract. Coffee Consumption Tumors of Lower Urinary Tract Yes No Total 5+ cups/days 25 44 69 1-4 cups/day 15 48 63 <1 cup/day 10 56 66 Total 50 148 198 Is coffee consumption independent of tumors in the urinary tract?

Solution

No coffee consumption is dependent of tumors because as the number of cups of coffee per day increases the incidence of tumors increases. Hence, coffee consumption is dependent of tumors in the urinary tract.