Scientists studying the change in FOXP2 between the chimpanz

Scientists studying the change in FOXP2 between the chimpanzee and the human are curious to know how many nucleotides might have changed in the DNA sequence to result in a change in two amino acids. Before sequencing the genes, they set up a simple example to help them relate changes in the DNA sequence to changes in amino acids. Consider the DNA template strand sequence GAA GAA. For each of the following mutations below, predict how many amino acids in the resulting polypeptide might have changed. (Answers might be used more than once or not at all.) 1 adenine mutates to another nucleotide 3 adenines mutate to other nucleotides 4 adenines mutate to other nucleotides 1 guanine mutates to another nucleotide 2 guanines mutate to other nucleotides

Solution

DNA sequence GAA is trancribed to RNA sequence of GAA and translated to amino acid Glutamate.

If there is a mutation in any of the nucleotide, it may end in change in amino acid.

1 adenine mutates to another nucleotide Answer: 1 amino acid change (GAA GAA is the given DNA template strand sequence, as there is mutation in 1 adenine, there is possibility of 1 amino acid change, GAA is mutated to GTA, the resulting amino acid will be valine instead of glutamic acid).

3 adenines mutate to other nucleotides Answer: 2 amino acids change

4 adenines mutate to other nucleotides Answer: 2 amino acids change

1 guanine mutates to other nucleotide Answer: 1 amino acid change (GAA GAA is the given DNA template strand sequence, as there is mutation in 1 guanine, there is possibility of 1 amino acid change, GAA is mutated to CAA, the resulting amino acid will be glutamine instead of glutamic acid. GAA is mutated to TAA, it ends with stop codon instead of glutamic acid).

2 guanines mutate to other nucleotide Answer: 2 amino acids change