Which of the following statements best describes a feature o

Which of the following statements best describes a feature of mitochondrial DNA?

a.Mitochondrial DNA is replicated at the same time as nuclear DNA

b.Mitochondrial DNA is associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane

c.The genome of mitochondria is the same size in all eukaryotic cells.

d.Mutations in mitochondrial DNA are repaired by an efficient repair machinery.

e.Mitochondrial DNA of human cells only encodes for a small percentage of proteins that function in mitochondria

Solution

Answer: e.Mitochondrial DNA of human cells only encodes for a small percentage of proteins that function in mitochondria

Reason:

The synthesis & replication of mitochondrial DNA is via \"semiconservative replication\" but not at the same time as nuclear DNA during cell cycle. As the aging occurs, the mitochondrial DNA repair via excision repair happens less efficiently when there are mutations in mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial DNA is associated with the inside mitochondrial space but not confined to outer membrane. Therefore, Mitochondrial DNA of human cells only encodes for a small percentage of proteins that function in mitochondria

Nuclear DNA is mainly inherited from both mother and father to code for mRNA finally to synthesize proteins required for the entire organism formations but mitochondrial DNA is merely inherited from mother only because of mutations in cytoplasmic DNA but father do not pass this inheritance to either males or females. Nuclear DNA has composed of genetic information and useful to code for mature organism as per environmental cues. Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA mutations may induce mitochondrial diseases result inability of cells to generate energy currency of cells for metabolic activity in the resultant phenotype.