Define recombinant DNA What is gene therapy What is the f

• Define: recombinant DNA

• What is gene therapy?

• What is the function of a vector in genetic engineering techniques?

• Define “reverse transcription”

• What exactly is cDNA (not DNA - c stands for complementary)?

• What is the difference between introns and exons in the DNA (their function)?

• What is the function of a restriction enzyme?

• Give 2 examples of vectors used in biotechnology

• What exactly is a DNA library?

• What the function of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?

Solution

1. DNA that has been created artificially are Recombinat DNA.   this is done by using molecular cloning where we bring bring together genetic material from multiple sources.the created sequences that would not be found in the genome.

2. Gene Therapy is the name originally given to methods that aim to cure an inherited disease by providing the patient with a correct copy of the defective gene. Gene therapy has now been extended to include attempts to cure any disease by introduction of a cloned gene into the patient..

3. DNA molecules, capable of entering a host cell and, once inside, replicating to produce multiple copies of itself.Two naturally occuring types of DNA molecules satisfy these requirements
1.Plasmids
2.Virus Chromosomes

4. the DNA which is synthesized from an RNA template via reverse transcription.

5. Introns are nucleotide sequences seen within the genes which are removed through RNA splicing for to form mature RNA molecule and exons can be termed as DNA bases which are translated into mRNA.

6. restriction enzyme are the enzymes that cuts the DNA at specific site as restriction sites used mainly in molecular cloning.

7. The cloning vectors
pBRR322 : the copy number is 15 to 20
pUC vectors: the copy number is 500 to 700

8. DNA library- Libraries can conveniently be divided into two categories: genomic libraries, which are made from the total genomic DNA of an organism, and cDNA libraries, which are made from DNA copies of its RNA sequences.

9.PCR used to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a piece of DNA into thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.