In working through your final exam in your bachelors degree

In working through your final exam in your bachelor\'s degree, you come upon a problem that asks you to examine the data measuring the interaction between a protein and its ligands. In the study the investigator has incubated a receptor with an increasing amount of ligand and had found the Kd(see below). Having successfully completed the BIOL_4388 course, you know that the interactions that are being measured are due to the presence of: Hydrogen bonding Ionic interactions Van der waals Forces All of the above Only A and B Which of the following amino acids is not found in proteins but play a role in storing energy when it combines with phosphate? Arginine Creatine gamma-amino butyric acid Glycine Homocysteine A 28-year old woman comes to the Labor and delivery ward on your third day on services as an Obstetrics/Gynecology intern. The woman is sitting in a chair, with her feet propped up and complaining that she has been in labor for a very long time. She has been asking the nurses for an analgesic (pain reliever), however they have been hesitant to give one, since her previous labor was very long and stopped progressing as soon as the physician administered Nubain, an opiate agonist/antagonist, and had to be discontinued immediately to allow her labor to progress. Her husband is fussing at you because the nurses have asked his wife to walk around and he thinks they are all amateurs and wants you to come check her. You expect that the nurses are trying to: Force the woman to her feet to get her to move to an examination room so that they can return her to a homeostatic state of standing erect and alleviate her pain. Get her out of their hair for a minute- its\'s 3pm and shifts are changing. Induce a feet-forward response by getting the woman to move her weight from her buttocks to her feet. Feet-forward induces the release of oxytocin and promote uterine relaxation. Induce a negative feedback response by having the woman shift the location of the baby to the 5^th cervical vertebrae, which will cause an iatrogenic spinal block. Use gravity and motion to get the baby to induce a positive feedback loop where the baby\'s head presses on the uterus, to induce the release of oxytocin and promote uterine contractions.

Solution

14. The correct option is d all of the above. This is because the dissociation constant is used to describe the affinity between the ligand and the protein. These affinities are governed by non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, Vander Waal\'s interaction, hydrophobic interactions, and ionic interactions.

15.The correct option is c that is gamma amino butyric acid as this is not an alpha amino acid so it is not incorporated into proteins

16. The correct option is e as the positive feedback loop will induce uterine contractions and the lady will progress towards delivering the baby.