1 Calculate the inspiratory capacity vital capacity and tota

1.. Calculate the inspiratory capacity, vital capacity, and total lung capacity for a patient with the following respiratory volumes.

i. Tidal volume = 450ml

ii. Expiratory Reserve Volume = 1,100ml

iii. Inspiratory Reserve Volume =3,000ml

iv. Residual Volume=1,200ml

Inspiratory Capacity = ?

Vital Capacity=?

Total Lung Capacity=?

2.) Fill in the blanks ; Hyperventilation the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled and therefore the blood ph. Hypoventilation the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled and therefore to the blood Ph.

3. ) List the target tissue and effects of each of the following hormones :

i. Insulin

ii. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone :

iii. Growth Hormone

iv. Prolactin

v. Oxytocin

vi. Thymosin

4.) Explain why an increase in thyroid hormone generally leads to a decrease in thyroid - stimulating hormone

Solution

Answer1

I) Inspiratory capacity=tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume = 3450 ml for above case

2) vital capacity=tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume+expiratory reserve volume=4550 ml in above case

3) Total lung capacity= tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume+expiratory reserve volume+ residual volume=5750 ml

Answer2

Hyperventilation INCREASES amount of Co2 and hence blood pH (alkalosis)

Hypoventilation DECREASES amount of Co2 and hence blood pH(acidosis)

Answer3

Insulin: Regulates GLUCOSE LEVEL/STORAGE in LIVER

Adrenocorticotropic hormone: stimulate CORTISOL RELEASE from anterior PITUTARY GLAND

GH: stimulate LIVER to release IGH for BONE GROETH. ALSO REDUCES FAT and promote PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Prolactin: Enables mammary gland to produce millk

Oxytocin: stimulate UTERINE Muscles by increasing PG so labor begins

Thymosin: trigger T CELL production which boost IMMUNE SYSTEM

Answer4

TSH stimulate thyroid hormone production and hence increase in its level would automatically trigger inhibitory signal as normal regulatory mechanism of the body.