Why is it important in science to design and perform experim

Why is it important in science to design and perform experiments that are capable of falsifying a hypothesis? What is the significance of the fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts contain the DNA that instructs their form and function? Compare a covalent bond between two hydrogen atoms with a hydrogen bond between a hydrogen and an oxygen atom, with regard to the electrons involved, the role of polarity, and the strength of the bond.

Solution

1. In scince, to falsifying a hypothesis, one will have to must design and perform an experiment, because without designnig and perfoming an experiment you cannot blame to other\'s established hypothesis. To falsifying a hypothesis you must have strong evidence which you can only obtained by the designing and performing an experiment. If you are blaming any hypothesis, everyone will ask you for rationale and evidence without which no one will accept your logic. Hence you must have proof with strong evidence which you can only established by designing and performing an experiment.

2. Mitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA has all the necessary component to perform trancription and translation process. Mitochondrial DNA has two strand one is heavy (H strand) and GC rich other is light (L strand) and AT rich. It has also a region of 1121 bp containing the replication origin, known as D loop. Like mitochondria, chloroplast also contain circular double stranded DNA. Choloroplast contains two inverted repeats called IRB and IRA. Therefore many genes encoded by choloroplast DNA have two copies. Hence mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA has all the necessary component to instruct their form and function.

3. Covalent bond between two hydrogen arises due to sharing of an electron from each hydrogen atom. This bond is very strong in nature. Hydrogen bond between hydrogen and oxygen atom arises due to partial positive charge developed on hydrogen atom and partial negative charge developed on oxygen atom due to electronegativity differences. Hydrogen bond is very weak in nature.