A friends grandfather was just diagnosed with a disease that

A friend’s grandfather was just diagnosed with a disease that is associated with a certain excitatory neurotransmitter. Your friend isn’t sure if it’s acetylcholine or dopamine.

Write an essay that explains to your friend about excitatory neurotransmitters. Provide a detailed description of the functions associated with acetylcholine versus dopamine that could help differentiate which neurotransmitter is involved.

Solution

Excitatory Neurotransmitters:- Neurons that excite of action potentials.

In resting stage there will be heigh level of negative charge inside of cell and positive charge outside of cell .

All excitatory neurotransmitters cause an opening of ligand-gated sodium ion channels. which results in sodium ions movement inside the cell and level of positive ions increased inside the cell. When we talk about acetylcholine, it activates ACh receptor sites and ligand gated sodium ion channels open. These excitatory neurotransmitters create a local increase of permeability of sodium ion channels (ligand gated sodium channels open) which leads to a local depolarization and increase the activity of cell.

Acetylcholine:-This nerotransmitter is a very widely distributed excitatory neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction and stimulates the excretion of certain hormones.It transmits signals between motor nerves and skeletal muscles.One of the primary functions of acetylcholine is to carry signals from motor neurons to the body\'s skeletal muscles.Following Behaviour changes are found in person suffering from this neurotransmitter disorder.

1. Loss of visual and verbal memory

2. Difficulty recognizing objects and faces

3. Slowed mental responsiveness
Alzheimer’s disease is associated with a lack of acetylcholine

Dopamine:- Low level of dopamine in brain cause the inflexibility of muscle which termed as Parkinson’s disease.

dopamine have diffrent type of receptors on basises of those the function of dopamine can be assumed which are divided in two families D1-like activation(D1,D5) and D2-like activation(D2,D3,D4).D1 activation cause the exicitation and D2 activation cause the inhibition.Following behaviour and body changes are observed with heigh level of dopamine

1. Lose temper for minor reasons

2.Depression

3. Fatigueness

4. Social Anxiety

5. High or Low Blood Pressure

Both neuro transmitter cause the different effect on body.and person behaviour Analysis of those symptomes will helpout in determining the type of neurtransmitter disorder.