clasify the following particles according to the statistics

clasify the following particles according to the statistics they obey, please explain briefly!
thermal physics problem.

ai Classify the following particles according to the statistics which they obey li) C atom v) H- ion (ii) 12C+ ion (v) 13C atom (ii) \'He ion (vi) positronium atom.

Solution

If a particle have integral spin is called bosons and obey Bose Einstein statistics. If the particle have half intergral spin are called fermions and obey Fermi-Dirac statistics.

Composite particles ( nuclei, atoms ) can be bosons or fermions depending on their fermion number. If a particle having an even number of fermions is a boson and If the particle having an odd number of fermions is a fermion.

(i) ¹²C - contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons. Hence it is Boson

(ii) ¹²C⁺- contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons and 5 electrons. Hence it is Fermion

(iii) ⁴He⁺- contains 2 protons and and 0 electron and 2 neutrons. Hence it is Boson

(iv) H^-- contains 1 proton and 0 neutron and 2 electrons. Hence it is Fermion

(v) ¹³C- contains 7 protons and 6 neutrons. Hence it is Fermion

(vi) Positrium - contains 1 electron and 1 positron. Hence it is Boson