Using complete sentences state Pascals principle For which s

Using complete sentences state Pascal\'s principle. (For which states of matter is this principle valid?) Explain how can this principle be used to explain the operation of hydraulic devices? The output forces In hydraulic devices can be much larger than the input forces. Does this imply that the work done by the output is larger than the input work? Explain. Explain why Pascal\'s principle can\'t be applied to gasses?

Solution

Ans.1) Pascal\'s law : The intensity of pressure at any point in a fluid at rest is same in all directions.

Ans 2) According to the pascals law the intensity of pressure is same at any point in a fluid at rest ,

and Pressure (P) = Force (F) / Area (A)

so if we decrease the area the application of force will increase on that area.

for e.g in the given figure A₂ > A₁ and if force F₁ is applied on the area A₁ the it will generate some pressure in the fluid and it will remain same through out the fluid, so at another end though area is A₂ thus a different force F₂ will be generated such that F₂ < F₁.

Ans 3) As Explained above The output and input forces can be different according to the variaton of area in hydraulic machine, thus we can say that Forces can be multiplied using such a device. One newton input produces 50 newtons output. By further increasing the area of the larger piston (or reducing the area of the smaller piston), forces can be multiplied,by any amount. Pascal\'s principle underlies the operation of the hydraulic press. The hydraulic press does not violate energy conservation, because a decrease in distance moved compensates for the increase in force. When the small piston of 2cm² is moved downward 100 centimeters, the large piston of 100cm² will be raised only one-fiftieth of this, or 2 centimeters. The input force multiplied by the distance moved by the smaller piston is equal to the output force multiplied by the distance moved by the larger piston thus Work done is same as work recieved at another end.

Ans4) Pascal\'s law is applicable to all the fluids whether liquids or gases.

For e.g tyres, when gas is filled in any enclosed chamber like tyre its pressure will remain same at all the points within that chamber.