Position 1 2 3 4 Count 20 5 8 10 SolutionDoes the order in w

Position	1	2	3	4
Count	20	5	8	10

Solution

Does the order in which wine is presented make a difference? Several choices of wine are presented one at a time, and subjects are asked to choose their preferred wine at the end of the sequence. In this study, subjects were asked to taste four wine samples in sequence. All four samples given to a subject were the same wine, although subjects were expecting to taste four different samples of a particular variety. There were 43 subjects in the study, and the positions in the sequence they selected for their preferred wine were:

Position                1              2              3              4

Count    20           5              8              10

(a) What percent of the subjects chose each position? (Round your answers to one decimal place.)

Position                1              2              3              4

Position

Count

%

1

20

46.5

2

5

11.6

3

8

18.6

4

10

23.3

Count    Correct: Your answer is correct. %           Correct: Your answer is correct. %           Correct: Your answer is correct. %                Correct: Your answer is correct. %

(b) If the subjects are equally likely to select each position, what are the expected counts for each position?   10.75

(Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Correct: Your answer is correct.

(c) Does the chi-square test for goodness of fit give good evidence that the subjects were not equally likely to choose each position? (Give the test statistic and its P-value. Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Chi square = 11.79

P-value: 0.0081

P < 0.005

0.005 < P < 0.01

P > 0.01Correct:

Your answer is correct.

(d) The primacy effect is a tendency for subjects to choose the first wine tasted, while the recency effect is a tendency for subjects to choose the most recent wine tasted. Are either of these effects present in these data?

neither primacy nor recency effects

both primacy and recency effects

recency effect

primacy effect ( position 1)

Goodness of Fit Test

observed

expected

O - E

(O - E)² / E

20

10.750

9.250

7.959

5

10.750

-5.750

3.076

8

10.750

-2.750

0.703

10

10.750

-0.750

0.052

43

43.

11.791

11.79

chi-square

3

df

.0081

p-value

Position	Count	%
1	20	46.5
2	5	11.6
3	8	18.6
4	10	23.3