try to keep short and i prefer type answers if possible 1 Th

try to keep short and i prefer type answers, if possible.

1 The difference between the sum of all suction heads and the sum of all discharge heads at a pump is called:

(A) Differential head (B) Net total head (C) Total dynamic head (TDH). (D) All of the above

  

2 How is the rating of turbines and pumps defined?

3 Name the grade line established by a piezometer tap into a pipe that represents the elevation head  

4 Under which condition does flow transition changes from subcritical to supercritical without encountering critical depth ?

5 A culvert has a submerged outlet, but experiences a partially full flow at the inlet. What condition must occur somewhere inside the culvert?

6 Warm, moist air encounters a topographic feature that causes the air to rise and cool. Upon cooling, the air releases moisture. It is commonly observed along costal hills and mountains where a greater amount of rainfall occurs on the seaward side. Name this effect that influences rainfall distribution:

7 The time distribution of runoff resulting from one unit (usually one inch) of excess rainfall falling over a defined drainage basin, is know as:

8 What will be the effect on the hydrograph of high runoff near the upstream portion of a drainage basin.

9 Evaporation pans are a reliable tool for estimating month-to-month evaporation from reservoirs

(A) True (B) False

10 What is the range of values representing low-intensity and high-intensity rainfall in the United States?

11 The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) defines a water year as the period

(A) 12 months from January 1 to December 31. (B) 12 months from October 1 to September 30.   (C) 12 months from July 1 to June 30. (D) Any consecutive period of 365 dys

12 The rational method for estimated runoff, which is limited to smaller watersheds, is based on four assumptions. List them:

13 When applying the Chezy-Manning equation to determine stream discharge, the sources of error are:

14 Which mean annual precipitation conditions produce the greatest potential sediment yield from drainage basins?

15 It is necessary to select a maximum design flow higher than the maximum daily flow for a conventional water treatment plant because:

16 How does population size influence the amount of storage needed to satisfy fire demand?

  

17 Coagulation in which there is a defined removal of organic carbon, measured as total organic carbon (TOC), is defined by the E.P.A. as:

18 The most widely used chemical coagulant for turbidity removal in water treatment is:

19 Even though hydraulic flocculators require less energy to operate, mechanical flocculators are preferred over hydraulic flocculators, in the United States, because:

20 The three most common disinfecting agents applied to drinking water in the United States are:

21 How are combined chlorine residuals better than free chlorine residuals?

22 Name the four functional components of an ozone disinfection system:

23 Write down an expression that defines the hydraulic radius

24 Bernoulli’s Equation deals with:

(A) Hydrostatic pressure (B) Wastewater Treatment (C) Hyrology (D) Energy Conservation

25 The dimensions of the Reynolds number, NRe, are: (A) ft/sec (B) Psi (C) Dimensionless (D) ft

26 The density of water at 32oF, in lb/ft3, is most nearly:

(A) 59.83 (B) 62.42 (C) 69.38 (D) 71.46

27 The kinematic viscosity of water at 32oF, in ft2 /sec, is most nearly:

(A) 0.00001921 (B) 0.00001929 (C) 0.00001931 (D) 0.00001944

28 To convert cubic feet to gallons, multiply by

(A) 5.1990 (B) 7.4805 (C) 9.8100 (D) 10.000

29 Normal Depth may be defined as:

(A) The depth upstream of a hydraulic jump (B) The depth of uniform flow (C) The depth that minimizes the specific energy flow (D) The height of the channel side above the water level

30 Which statement about the Froude number is true?

(A) Fr < 1: flow is super critical (B) Fr < 1: flow is sub critical

31 Manning’s n, for a natural channel with stones and weed would be most nearly:

(A) 0.008 (B) 0.013 (C) 0.035 (D) 0.150

32 To convert gallons per minute to ft3/day, multiply by:

(A) 9.81 (B) 25.4 (C) 192.5 (D) 106

Solution

1. (D) Al of the above

2. Pump ratings are defined by the manufacturer which indicate service life,performance and adequate safety of hydraulic systems involved.It is determined based on maximum allowable operating pressure.

3. Hydraulic Grade Line

4.A hydraulic jump

5.Supercritical flow

6.Orographic lifting and Precipitation

7.Unit hydrograph

8.higher peak and shorter lag.

9.False

11.B) 12 months from October 1 to September 30.

12. 1)rainfall intensity is constant during time of concentration

2)runoff coefficient is constant during the storm and basin storage is negligible

3)time of cocentration is the duration of storm

4)Return period of rainfall intensity is the same as that of peak runoff

13.due to variation of mannings n along the channel length.

14. High Rainfall conditions and low vegetation

15.due to Fire demand and peak hour flow variations

16.Greater the population,greater are the number of buildings. So greater chance of fire!

17.

18.Alum

19.use of variable speed motors can control the floc formation

20.1.Chlorine 2.chloramines 3.uv radiation

21.effective disinfection over wide range pH

22.

23. Weeted Area/Wetted perimeter

24. D) Energy onservation

25.C) Dimensionless

26)B

.