discuss five of the reasons why infectious diseases are incr

discuss five of the reasons why infectious diseases are increasing in number around the world

Solution

The factors include ecological,environmental,or demographic factors that place people at increased contact with a previously unfamiliar microbe or its natural host or promote dissemination.These factors are increasing in prevalence;this increase together with the ongoing evolution of viral and microbial variants and selection for drug resistance which further increasing the risk.
Infectious disease emergence is due to the introduction of the agent into a new host population whether the pathogen originated in the environment,possibly in another species, or as a variant of an existing human infection,followed by establishment and further dissemination within the new host population.
Factors that have contributed to the change in the interaction between the human population and environment are population growth,migration from rural areas to cities,international air travel,poverty,wars,and destructive ecological changes due to economic development and land use.
Natural environmental changes,such as climate or weather anomalies can also be the cause of infectious diseases.Agricultural development,water also give rise to inefectious diseases.
Human population movements caused by migration or war,are often important factors in disease emergence.In many parts of the world,economic conditions are encouraging the mass movement of workers from rural areas to cities.In urban environments,rain-filled tires or plastic bottles are often breeding grounds of choice for mosquito vectors.Human behaviour can have important effects on disease dissemination.The best examples are sexually transmitted diseases.
In operations,including food production that process or use products of biological origin,modern production methods yield increased efficiency and reduced costs but can increase the chances of accidental contamination and amplify the effects of such contamination.The problem is further increased by globalization,allowing the opportunity to introduce agents from far away.A pathogen present in some of the raw material may find its way into a large batch of final product.Breakdown of public health measures and deficiencies in public health infrastructure are also responsible for spreading of infectious diseases.