define deduction and give an example of deductive reasoning

define deduction and give an example of deductive reasoning?

Define induction and give an example of deductive reasoning?

Solution

There are two methods of reasoning. One is Deductive approach and another is Inductive approach.

Deductive reasoning:- This kind of reasoning works from the general to more specific. It is also referred to as \"Top-down\" approach.

Examples:-

1) If X = Y and Y = Z, then by deductive reasoning X = Z.

2) Snakes are reptiles and reptiles are cold-blooded, by deductive reasoning it can be said that snakes are cold-blooded.

Inductive reasoning:-

Inductive reasoning as opposed to deductive reasoning work from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories. It is also referred to as \"bottom up\" approach in informal sense.

Example:-

1) A just moved here from Hongkong. A has red hair, therefore by inductive reasoning, it can be said that People from Hongkong have red hair.