the topic is Hormones and the Endocrine System Endocrine Sys

the topic is: Hormones and the Endocrine System (Endocrine System)

Overview and Purpose: in this section, discuss what the endocrine system is and its purpose; then explain hormones and how they work

Health Issues: 26.9, p 527 Diabetes and hyperglycemia; 26.10, p 528 Responses to stress. You will need to google more references for this area. There are lots of endocrine system diseases and disorders NOT addressed in the text. Also you need to present some ideas for maintaining a HEALTHY endocrine system.

Need to use lots of supporting visuals. So may need to find these in outside sources also. If you find charts that are useful, that would be good too.

Solution

overview and purpose:-

endocrine system:- it is a chemical coordination system in the body comprising of glands, their hormones & their mode of action.

it is directly or indirectly under the control of nervous system so, these two system are often known as neuro-endocrine system.

endocrine are glands of endocrine system which secretes informational molecules (hormones) that are poured into veinous blood/lymph for reaching to the target body part, because the glands are not connected with the target organ by any duct.i.e. it called ductless gland.

hormones:-

term by starling in 1905

hormones are chemical messanger & non nutritive chemical which act as intercellular messengers and are produced in less amount, released in blood .which act as chemical messengers and help in co-ordination.

mode of action :-

1. mode of action through intracellular receptors:-

steroid hormone are lipophilic in nature and can easily cross the Plasma membrane of target cell.

they act through the intracellular receptors located either in cytosol or nucleus.

the hormones receptor complex binds to specific region on the DNA called HRE (Hormone receptor element) and causes increasd expression of specific gene.

it is believed that the interaction of hormones receptors comples with HRE promotes initiationa & elongation and termination of transcription.

2. mode of hormones action through extracellular receptors.

some hormones binds to cell surface receptors and stimulate the release of certain molecules named second messenger, which in turn performs the biochemical function . so hormones themselves are the first messenger.

sometime second messenger is cAMP , at others second messenger is phosphatidylinositol / calcium.

health issue:-

1. diabetes :-

the most common endocrine disorder of the pancreas is the diabetes millitus or hyperglycemia , now recognised in two form: insuline dependent and non insuline dependent.

the insuline dependent diabetes is caused by failure of Beta cell to produce insuline

the non insuline dependent appears to involve failure of insuline to facilitate the movement of glucose into cell.

ideas for maintaining healthy endocrine system:-

1. the fish contain omega 3,6,9 fattyacid oil, which help in transportation of hormones in blood.

2. eating fresh fruits , garlic and herbs maintain the health of glands cells.

3. skip all junk food and drink lots of water.

4. regular excercise makes body in workable mode, which leads to continues and smooth production of hormones in body.

5. eat balance diet.