Short essay questions 1Where is ADH produced Where is it rel

Short essay questions

1)Where is ADH produced? Where is it released? Describe how ADH secretion is controlled. What effect does this hormone have?

2)How are the two basic types of diabetes mellitus different? How are they similar? How are they treated and why are these treatments chosen?

3)Where is oxytocin produced? Where is it released? Describe how oxytocin secretion is controlled and its effect.

Solution

1.ADH or vasopresin produced by neurosecretory cells of hypothalamus and releases into the anterior pituitary through hypophysial portal system.its production is controlled by osmolarity of blood which is sensed by osmoreceptors of hypothalamus. ADH acts on DCT on nephron and helps in reabsorption of water.

2.type 1 and type 2 diabetes are genetically inherited diseases ,they are both related to sugar metabolism in body.but still there are few differences related to origin of it. They include, type 1 is mainly due to complete lack or absence of insulin in the body. This may be due to destruction of beta cells by immune system.this can be treated by giving insulin externally.

Where as in type 2 diabetes insulin production will be there in the cell but cells and receptors will not respond to them.it can be treated by avoiding sugar foods and gene therapy

3.oxytocin is also produced by neurosecretory cells of hypothalamus and released into the anterior hypophysis. It\'s secretion is controlled by foetal ejection reflex. Its effect is causing labour pain and milk secretion from mammary gland.